Input interpretation
oxygen + methane ⟶ water + carbon monoxide
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for O, C and H: O: | 2 c_1 = c_3 + c_4 C: | c_2 = c_4 H: | 4 c_2 = 2 c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3/2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 1 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 4 c_4 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 3 + 2 ⟶ 4 + 2
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
oxygen + methane ⟶ water + carbon monoxide
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| oxygen | methane | water | carbon monoxide molecular enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | -74.6 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -110.5 kJ/mol total enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | -149.2 kJ/mol | -1143 kJ/mol | -221 kJ/mol | H_initial = -149.2 kJ/mol | | H_final = -1364 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1364 kJ/mol - -149.2 kJ/mol = -1215 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | |
Gibbs free energy
| oxygen | methane | water | carbon monoxide molecular free energy | 231.7 kJ/mol | -51 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -137 kJ/mol total free energy | 695.1 kJ/mol | -102 kJ/mol | -948.4 kJ/mol | -274 kJ/mol | G_initial = 593.1 kJ/mol | | G_final = -1222 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1222 kJ/mol - 593.1 kJ/mol = -1816 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |
Entropy
| oxygen | methane | water | carbon monoxide molecular entropy | 205 J/(mol K) | 186 J/(mol K) | 69.91 J/(mol K) | 198 J/(mol K) total entropy | 615 J/(mol K) | 372 J/(mol K) | 279.6 J/(mol K) | 396 J/(mol K) | S_initial = 987 J/(mol K) | | S_final = 675.6 J/(mol K) | ΔS_rxn^0 | 675.6 J/(mol K) - 987 J/(mol K) = -311.4 J/(mol K) (exoentropic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| oxygen | methane | water | carbon monoxide Hill formula | O_2 | CH_4 | H_2O | CO name | oxygen | methane | water | carbon monoxide IUPAC name | molecular oxygen | methane | water | carbon monoxide