Input interpretation
water + chlorine + sodium sulfite ⟶ hydrogen chloride + sodium sulfate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, Cl, Na and S: H: | 2 c_1 = c_4 O: | c_1 + 3 c_3 = 4 c_5 Cl: | 2 c_2 = c_4 Na: | 2 c_3 = 2 c_5 S: | c_3 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | + + ⟶ 2 +
Structures
+ + ⟶ +
Names
water + chlorine + sodium sulfite ⟶ hydrogen chloride + sodium sulfate
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| water | chlorine | sodium sulfite | hydrogen chloride | sodium sulfate molecular enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -1101 kJ/mol | -92.3 kJ/mol | -1387 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -1101 kJ/mol | -184.6 kJ/mol | -1387 kJ/mol | H_initial = -1387 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -1572 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1572 kJ/mol - -1387 kJ/mol = -185.1 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | |
Gibbs free energy
| water | chlorine | sodium sulfite | hydrogen chloride | sodium sulfate molecular free energy | -237.1 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -10125 kJ/mol | -95.3 kJ/mol | -1270 kJ/mol total free energy | -237.1 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -10125 kJ/mol | -190.6 kJ/mol | -1270 kJ/mol | G_initial = -10362 kJ/mol | | | G_final = -1461 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1461 kJ/mol - -10362 kJ/mol = 8901 kJ/mol (endergonic) | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| water | chlorine | sodium sulfite | hydrogen chloride | sodium sulfate Hill formula | H_2O | Cl_2 | Na_2O_3S | ClH | Na_2O_4S name | water | chlorine | sodium sulfite | hydrogen chloride | sodium sulfate IUPAC name | water | molecular chlorine | disodium sulfite | hydrogen chloride | disodium sulfate