barium vs lanthanum vs holmium vs terbium vs cerium

barium (chemical element) | lanthanum (chemical element) | holmium (chemical element) | terbium (chemical element) | cerium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration barium | Ba | 56 | [Xe]6s^2 lanthanum | La | 57 | [Xe]6s^25d^1 holmium | Ho | 67 | [Xe]6s^24f^11 terbium | Tb | 65 | [Xe]6s^24f^9 cerium | Ce | 58 | [Xe]6s^24f^15d^1 | Aufbau diagram | block | group barium | 6s | s | 2 lanthanum | 5d 6s | f | holmium | 4f 6s | f | terbium | 4f 6s | f | cerium | 5d 4f 6s | f | | period | atomic mass | half-life barium | 6 | 137.327 u | (stable) lanthanum | 6 | 138.90547 u | (stable) holmium | 6 | 164.93033 u | (stable) terbium | 6 | 158.92535 u | (stable) cerium | 6 | 140.116 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 920 °C | highest | 1474 °C (holmium) | lowest | 727 °C (barium) | distribution | boiling point | median | 3230 °C | highest | 3464 °C (lanthanum) | lowest | 1870 °C (barium) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 8 kJ/mol | highest | 17 kJ/mol (holmium) | lowest | 5.5 kJ/mol (cerium) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 295 kJ/mol | highest | 400 kJ/mol (lanthanum) | lowest | 140 kJ/mol (barium) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 192 J/(kg K) | highest | 205 J/(kg K) (barium) | lowest | 165 J/(kg K) (holmium) | distribution | Néel point | median | 132 K | highest | 230 K (terbium) | lowest | 12.5 K (cerium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 6.689 g/cm^3 | highest | 8.795 g/cm^3 (holmium) | lowest | 3.51 g/cm^3 (barium) | distribution | liquid density | median | 6.55 g/cm^3 | highest | 8.34 g/cm^3 (holmium) | lowest | 3.338 g/cm^3 (barium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 20.95 cm^3/mol | highest | 39.12 cm^3/mol (barium) | lowest | 18.75 cm^3/mol (holmium) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 2.3 | highest | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) (lanthanum and cerium) | lowest | 1.25 (between talc and gypsum) (barium) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 270 MPa | 481 MPa | 491 MPa | 863 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 363 MPa | 412 MPa | 677 MPa | 746 MPa bulk modulus | median | 28 GPa | highest | 40 GPa (holmium) | lowest | 9.6 GPa (barium) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 14 GPa | highest | 26 GPa (holmium) | lowest | 4.9 GPa (barium) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 37 GPa | highest | 65 GPa (holmium) | lowest | 13 GPa (barium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.28 tensile yield strength | median | 108 MPa | highest | 221 MPa (holmium) | lowest | 60 MPa (terbium) | distribution | ultimate tensile strength | all | 100 MPa | 130 MPa | 140 MPa | 259 MPa sound speed | median | 2475 m/s | highest | 2760 m/s (holmium) | lowest | 1620 m/s (barium) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 1.12×10^-5 K^(-1) | highest | 2.06×10^-5 K^(-1) (barium) | lowest | 6.3×10^-6 K^(-1) (cerium) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 13 W/(m K) | highest | 18 W/(m K) (barium) | lowest | 11 W/(m K) (terbium and cerium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 7.4×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 1.2×10^-6 Ω m (ohm meters) (terbium) | lowest | 3.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (barium) | distribution | electrical conductivity | median | 1.4×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 2.9×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (barium) | lowest | 830000 S/m (siemens per meter) (terbium) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 0.0014716 | highest | 0.1117784 (terbium) | lowest | 3.966×10^-5 (barium) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 2.2×10^-7 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 1.36×10^-5 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (terbium) | lowest | 1.1×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (lanthanum) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 3.0826×10^-8 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 2.161385×10^-6 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (terbium) | lowest | 1.528×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (lanthanum) | distribution | Néel point | median | 132 K (kelvins) | highest | 230 K (kelvins) (terbium) | lowest | 12.5 K (kelvins) (cerium) | distribution | work function | all | 2.52 eV | 2.9 eV | 3 eV | 3.5 eV

valence | median | 3 | highest | 4 (cerium) | lowest | 2 (barium) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 1.11 | highest | 1.23 (holmium) | lowest | 0.89 (barium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (3 elements) | lowest | 13.95 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (barium) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 538.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 581 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (holmium) | lowest | 502.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (barium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1G_4 | ^1S_0 | ^2D_(3/2) | ^4I_(15/2) | ^6H_(15/2) atomic radius | median | 185 pm | highest | 215 pm (barium) | lowest | 175 pm (holmium and terbium) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 204 pm | highest | 215 pm (barium) | lowest | 192 pm (holmium) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)