Input interpretation
bromine + white phosphorus ⟶ phosphorus pentabromide
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Br and P: Br: | 2 c_1 = 5 c_3 P: | 4 c_2 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 10 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 4 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 10 + ⟶ 4
Structures
+ ⟶
Names
bromine + white phosphorus ⟶ phosphorus pentabromide
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| bromine | white phosphorus | phosphorus pentabromide molecular enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -2699 kJ/mol total enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -10796 kJ/mol | H_initial = 0 kJ/mol | | H_final = -10796 kJ/mol ΔH_rxn^0 | -10796 kJ/mol - 0 kJ/mol = -10796 kJ/mol (exothermic) | |
Chemical names and formulas
| bromine | white phosphorus | phosphorus pentabromide Hill formula | Br_2 | P_4 | Br_5P name | bromine | white phosphorus | phosphorus pentabromide IUPAC name | molecular bromine | tetraphosphorus | pentabromophosphorane
Substance properties
| bromine | white phosphorus | phosphorus pentabromide molar mass | 159.81 g/mol | 123.89504799 g/mol | 430.49 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -7.2 °C | 44.15 °C | 100 °C boiling point | 58.8 °C | 280.5 °C | density | 3.119 g/cm^3 | 1.823 g/cm^3 | 3.61 g/cm^3 solubility in water | insoluble | insoluble | decomposes surface tension | 0.0409 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | 9.44×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.00169 Pa s (at 50 °C) | odor | | odorless |
Units
