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sodium vs argon vs silicon

Input interpretation

sodium (chemical element) | argon (chemical element) | silicon (chemical element)
sodium (chemical element) | argon (chemical element) | silicon (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Images

Images
Images

Basic elemental properties

| sodium | argon | silicon atomic symbol | Na | Ar | Si atomic number | 11 | 18 | 14 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^1 | [Ne]3s^23p^6 | [Ne]3s^23p^2 Aufbau diagram | 3s | 3p 3s | 3p 3s block | s | p | p group | 1 | 18 | 14 period | 3 | 3 | 3 atomic mass | 22.98976928 u | 39.948 u | 28.085 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)
| sodium | argon | silicon atomic symbol | Na | Ar | Si atomic number | 11 | 18 | 14 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^1 | [Ne]3s^23p^6 | [Ne]3s^23p^2 Aufbau diagram | 3s | 3p 3s | 3p 3s block | s | p | p group | 1 | 18 | 14 period | 3 | 3 | 3 atomic mass | 22.98976928 u | 39.948 u | 28.085 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

Thermodynamic properties

| sodium | argon | silicon phase at STP | solid | gas | solid melting point | 97.72 °C | -189.3 °C | 1414 °C boiling point | 883 °C | -185.8 °C | 2900 °C critical temperature | 2573 K | 150.87 K | critical pressure | 35 MPa | 4.898 MPa | molar heat of fusion | 2.6 kJ/mol | 1.18 kJ/mol | 50.2 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 97.7 kJ/mol | 6.5 kJ/mol | 359 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 1230 J/(kg K) | 520.33 J/(kg K) | 710 J/(kg K) adiabatic index | | 5/3 | (properties at standard conditions)
| sodium | argon | silicon phase at STP | solid | gas | solid melting point | 97.72 °C | -189.3 °C | 1414 °C boiling point | 883 °C | -185.8 °C | 2900 °C critical temperature | 2573 K | 150.87 K | critical pressure | 35 MPa | 4.898 MPa | molar heat of fusion | 2.6 kJ/mol | 1.18 kJ/mol | 50.2 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 97.7 kJ/mol | 6.5 kJ/mol | 359 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 1230 J/(kg K) | 520.33 J/(kg K) | 710 J/(kg K) adiabatic index | | 5/3 | (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

| sodium | argon | silicon density | 0.968 g/cm^3 | 0.001784 g/cm^3 | 2.33 g/cm^3 liquid density | 0.927 g/cm^3 | | 2.57 g/cm^3 molar volume | 23.7 cm^3/mol | 22390 cm^3/mol | 12.05 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 0.5 (between talc and gypsum) | | 6.5 (between microcline and quartz) Vickers hardness | | | 9630 MPa Brinell hardness | 0.69 MPa | | bulk modulus | 6.3 GPa | | 100 GPa shear modulus | 3.3 GPa | | Young's modulus | 10 GPa | | 47 GPa ultimate tensile strength | 10 MPa | | refractive index | | 1.000281 | sound speed | 3200 m/s | 319 m/s | 2200 m/s thermal expansion | 7.1×10^-5 K^(-1) | | 2.6×10^-6 K^(-1) thermal conductivity | 140 W/(m K) | 0.01772 W/(m K) | 150 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)
| sodium | argon | silicon density | 0.968 g/cm^3 | 0.001784 g/cm^3 | 2.33 g/cm^3 liquid density | 0.927 g/cm^3 | | 2.57 g/cm^3 molar volume | 23.7 cm^3/mol | 22390 cm^3/mol | 12.05 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 0.5 (between talc and gypsum) | | 6.5 (between microcline and quartz) Vickers hardness | | | 9630 MPa Brinell hardness | 0.69 MPa | | bulk modulus | 6.3 GPa | | 100 GPa shear modulus | 3.3 GPa | | Young's modulus | 10 GPa | | 47 GPa ultimate tensile strength | 10 MPa | | refractive index | | 1.000281 | sound speed | 3200 m/s | 319 m/s | 2200 m/s thermal expansion | 7.1×10^-5 K^(-1) | | 2.6×10^-6 K^(-1) thermal conductivity | 140 W/(m K) | 0.01772 W/(m K) | 150 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

| sodium | argon | silicon electrical type | conductor | | semiconductor resistivity | 4.7×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | | 0.001 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 2.1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | | 1000 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic | diamagnetic | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 8.5×10^-6 | -1.07×10^-8 | -3.73×10^-6 mass magnetic susceptibility | 8.8×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -6×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -1.6×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 2×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -2.4×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -4.49×10^-11 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 2.36 eV (Polycrystalline) | | (4.6 to 4.91) eV threshold frequency | 5.706×10^14 Hz (hertz) | | (1.112×10^15 to 1.187×10^15) Hz (hertz) color | (silver) | (colorless) | (gray) refractive index | | 1.000281 |
| sodium | argon | silicon electrical type | conductor | | semiconductor resistivity | 4.7×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | | 0.001 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 2.1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | | 1000 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic | diamagnetic | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 8.5×10^-6 | -1.07×10^-8 | -3.73×10^-6 mass magnetic susceptibility | 8.8×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -6×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -1.6×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 2×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -2.4×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -4.49×10^-11 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 2.36 eV (Polycrystalline) | | (4.6 to 4.91) eV threshold frequency | 5.706×10^14 Hz (hertz) | | (1.112×10^15 to 1.187×10^15) Hz (hertz) color | (silver) | (colorless) | (gray) refractive index | | 1.000281 |

Reactivity

| sodium | argon | silicon valence | 1 | 0 | 4 electronegativity | 0.93 | | 1.9 electron affinity | 52.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 133.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 495.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1520.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 786.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 495.8 kJ/mol | 4562 kJ/mol | 6910.3 kJ/mol | 9543 kJ/mol | 13354 kJ/mol | 16613 kJ/mol | 20117 kJ/mol | 25496 kJ/mol | 28932 kJ/mol | 141362 kJ/mol | 1520.6 kJ/mol | 2665.8 kJ/mol | 3931 kJ/mol | 5771 kJ/mol | 7238 kJ/mol | 8781 kJ/mol | 11995 kJ/mol | 13842 kJ/mol | 40760 kJ/mol | 46186 kJ/mol | 786.5 kJ/mol | 1577.1 kJ/mol | 3231.6 kJ/mol | 4355.5 kJ/mol | 16091 kJ/mol | 19805 kJ/mol | 23780 kJ/mol | 29287 kJ/mol | 33878 kJ/mol | 38726 kJ/mol
| sodium | argon | silicon valence | 1 | 0 | 4 electronegativity | 0.93 | | 1.9 electron affinity | 52.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 133.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 495.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1520.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 786.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 495.8 kJ/mol | 4562 kJ/mol | 6910.3 kJ/mol | 9543 kJ/mol | 13354 kJ/mol | 16613 kJ/mol | 20117 kJ/mol | 25496 kJ/mol | 28932 kJ/mol | 141362 kJ/mol | 1520.6 kJ/mol | 2665.8 kJ/mol | 3931 kJ/mol | 5771 kJ/mol | 7238 kJ/mol | 8781 kJ/mol | 11995 kJ/mol | 13842 kJ/mol | 40760 kJ/mol | 46186 kJ/mol | 786.5 kJ/mol | 1577.1 kJ/mol | 3231.6 kJ/mol | 4355.5 kJ/mol | 16091 kJ/mol | 19805 kJ/mol | 23780 kJ/mol | 29287 kJ/mol | 33878 kJ/mol | 38726 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

| sodium | argon | silicon term symbol | ^2S_(1/2) | ^1S_0 | ^3P_0 atomic radius | 180 pm | 71 pm | 110 pm covalent radius | 166 pm | 106 pm | 111 pm van der Waals radius | 227 pm | 188 pm | 210 pm (electronic ground state properties)
| sodium | argon | silicon term symbol | ^2S_(1/2) | ^1S_0 | ^3P_0 atomic radius | 180 pm | 71 pm | 110 pm covalent radius | 166 pm | 106 pm | 111 pm van der Waals radius | 227 pm | 188 pm | 210 pm (electronic ground state properties)

Abundances

| sodium | argon | silicon universe abundance | 0.002 mass% | 0.02 mass% | 0.07 mass% solar abundance | 0.004 mass% | 0.007 mass% | 0.09 mass% meteorite abundance | 0.55 mass% | | 14 mass% crust abundance | 2.3 mass% | 1.5×10^-4 mass% | 27 mass% ocean abundance | 1.1 mass% | 4.5×10^-5 mass% | 1×10^-4 mass% human abundance | 0.14 mass% | | 0.026 mass% universe molar abundance | 1×10^-4 mol% | 6×10^-4 mol% | 0.003 mol% solar molar abundance | 2×10^-4 mol% | 2×10^-4 mol% | 0.004 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 0.48 mol% | | 10 mol% ocean molar abundance | 0.3 mol% | 7×10^-6 mol% | 2.2×10^-5 mol% crust molar abundance | 2.1 mol% | 7.8×10^-5 mol% | 20 mol% human molar abundance | 0.038 mol% | | 0.0058 mol%
| sodium | argon | silicon universe abundance | 0.002 mass% | 0.02 mass% | 0.07 mass% solar abundance | 0.004 mass% | 0.007 mass% | 0.09 mass% meteorite abundance | 0.55 mass% | | 14 mass% crust abundance | 2.3 mass% | 1.5×10^-4 mass% | 27 mass% ocean abundance | 1.1 mass% | 4.5×10^-5 mass% | 1×10^-4 mass% human abundance | 0.14 mass% | | 0.026 mass% universe molar abundance | 1×10^-4 mol% | 6×10^-4 mol% | 0.003 mol% solar molar abundance | 2×10^-4 mol% | 2×10^-4 mol% | 0.004 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 0.48 mol% | | 10 mol% ocean molar abundance | 0.3 mol% | 7×10^-6 mol% | 2.2×10^-5 mol% crust molar abundance | 2.1 mol% | 7.8×10^-5 mol% | 20 mol% human molar abundance | 0.038 mol% | | 0.0058 mol%

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