Input interpretation
hydrogen chloride + potassium permanganate + phosphine ⟶ water + potassium chloride + phosphoric acid + manganese(II) chloride
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 + c_6 + c_7 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, H, K, Mn, O and P: Cl: | c_1 = c_5 + 2 c_7 H: | c_1 + 3 c_3 = 2 c_4 + 3 c_6 K: | c_2 = c_5 Mn: | c_2 = c_7 O: | 4 c_2 = c_4 + 4 c_6 P: | c_3 = c_6 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 24/5 c_2 = 8/5 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 12/5 c_5 = 8/5 c_6 = 1 c_7 = 8/5 Multiply by the least common denominator, 5, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 24 c_2 = 8 c_3 = 5 c_4 = 12 c_5 = 8 c_6 = 5 c_7 = 8 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 24 + 8 + 5 ⟶ 12 + 8 + 5 + 8
Structures
+ + ⟶ + + +
Names
hydrogen chloride + potassium permanganate + phosphine ⟶ water + potassium chloride + phosphoric acid + manganese(II) chloride
Reaction thermodynamics
Gibbs free energy
| hydrogen chloride | potassium permanganate | phosphine | water | potassium chloride | phosphoric acid | manganese(II) chloride molecular free energy | -95.3 kJ/mol | -737.6 kJ/mol | 13.5 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -408.5 kJ/mol | -1124 kJ/mol | -440.5 kJ/mol total free energy | -2287 kJ/mol | -5901 kJ/mol | 67.5 kJ/mol | -2845 kJ/mol | -3268 kJ/mol | -5618 kJ/mol | -3524 kJ/mol | G_initial = -8121 kJ/mol | | | G_final = -15255 kJ/mol | | | ΔG_rxn^0 | -15255 kJ/mol - -8121 kJ/mol = -7135 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| hydrogen chloride | potassium permanganate | phosphine | water | potassium chloride | phosphoric acid | manganese(II) chloride Hill formula | ClH | KMnO_4 | H_3P | H_2O | ClK | H_3O_4P | Cl_2Mn name | hydrogen chloride | potassium permanganate | phosphine | water | potassium chloride | phosphoric acid | manganese(II) chloride IUPAC name | hydrogen chloride | potassium permanganate | phosphine | water | potassium chloride | phosphoric acid | dichloromanganese