mass fractions of potassium chloride

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potassium chloride | elemental composition

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$Find the elemental composition for potassium chloride in terms of the atom and mass percents: atom percent = N_i/N_atoms × 100% mass percent = (N_im_i)/m × 100% Plan: • Write the chemical formula and gather atomic masses from the periodic table. • Determine values for N_i, m_i, N_atoms and m using these items. • Finally, compute the percents and check the results. Write the chemical formula: KCl Use the chemical formula to count the number of atoms, N_i, for each element and find the total number of atoms, N_atoms, per molecule: | number of atoms Cl (chlorine) | 1 K (potassium) | 1 N_atoms = 1 + 1 = 2 Divide each N_i by N_atoms to calculate atom fractions. Then use the property that atom fractions must sum to one to check the work: | number of atoms | atom fraction Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 1/2 K (potassium) | 1 | 1/2 Check: 1/2 + 1/2 = 1 Compute atom percents using the atom fractions: | number of atoms | atom percent Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 1/2 × 100% = 50.0% K (potassium) | 1 | 1/2 × 100% = 50.0% Look up the atomic mass, m_i, in unified atomic mass units, u, for each element in the periodic table: | number of atoms | atom percent | atomic mass/u Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 50.0% | 35.45 K (potassium) | 1 | 50.0% | 39.0983 Multiply N_i by m_i to compute the mass for each element. Then sum those values to compute the molecular mass, m: | number of atoms | atom percent | atomic mass/u | mass/u Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 50.0% | 35.45 | 1 × 35.45 = 35.45 K (potassium) | 1 | 50.0% | 39.0983 | 1 × 39.0983 = 39.0983 m = 35.45 u + 39.0983 u = 74.5483 u Divide the mass for each element by m to calculate mass fractions. Then use the property that mass fractions must sum to one to check the work: | number of atoms | atom percent | mass fraction Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 50.0% | 35.45/74.5483 K (potassium) | 1 | 50.0% | 39.0983/74.5483 Check: 35.45/74.5483 + 39.0983/74.5483 = 1 Compute mass percents using the mass fractions: Answer: | | | number of atoms | atom percent | mass percent Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 50.0% | 35.45/74.5483 × 100% = 47.55% K (potassium) | 1 | 50.0% | 39.0983/74.5483 × 100% = 52.45%$

Find the elemental composition for potassium chloride in terms of the atom and mass percents: atom percent = N_i/N_atoms × 100% mass percent = (N_im_i)/m × 100% Plan: • Write the chemical formula and gather atomic masses from the periodic table. • Determine values for N_i, m_i, N_atoms and m using these items. • Finally, compute the percents and check the results. Write the chemical formula: KCl Use the chemical formula to count the number of atoms, N_i, for each element and find the total number of atoms, N_atoms, per molecule: | number of atoms Cl (chlorine) | 1 K (potassium) | 1 N_atoms = 1 + 1 = 2 Divide each N_i by N_atoms to calculate atom fractions. Then use the property that atom fractions must sum to one to check the work: | number of atoms | atom fraction Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 1/2 K (potassium) | 1 | 1/2 Check: 1/2 + 1/2 = 1 Compute atom percents using the atom fractions: | number of atoms | atom percent Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 1/2 × 100% = 50.0% K (potassium) | 1 | 1/2 × 100% = 50.0% Look up the atomic mass, m_i, in unified atomic mass units, u, for each element in the periodic table: | number of atoms | atom percent | atomic mass/u Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 50.0% | 35.45 K (potassium) | 1 | 50.0% | 39.0983 Multiply N_i by m_i to compute the mass for each element. Then sum those values to compute the molecular mass, m: | number of atoms | atom percent | atomic mass/u | mass/u Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 50.0% | 35.45 | 1 × 35.45 = 35.45 K (potassium) | 1 | 50.0% | 39.0983 | 1 × 39.0983 = 39.0983 m = 35.45 u + 39.0983 u = 74.5483 u Divide the mass for each element by m to calculate mass fractions. Then use the property that mass fractions must sum to one to check the work: | number of atoms | atom percent | mass fraction Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 50.0% | 35.45/74.5483 K (potassium) | 1 | 50.0% | 39.0983/74.5483 Check: 35.45/74.5483 + 39.0983/74.5483 = 1 Compute mass percents using the mass fractions: Answer: | | | number of atoms | atom percent | mass percent Cl (chlorine) | 1 | 50.0% | 35.45/74.5483 × 100% = 47.55% K (potassium) | 1 | 50.0% | 39.0983/74.5483 × 100% = 52.45%