Input interpretation
potassium permanganate + hydrogen peroxide ⟶ oxygen + potassium hydroxide + manganese dioxide
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for K, Mn, O and H: K: | c_1 = c_4 Mn: | c_1 = c_5 O: | 4 c_1 + 2 c_2 = 2 c_3 + c_4 + 2 c_5 H: | 2 c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ 2 + 2 + 2
Structures
+ ⟶ + +
Names
potassium permanganate + hydrogen peroxide ⟶ oxygen + potassium hydroxide + manganese dioxide
Reaction thermodynamics
Gibbs free energy
| potassium permanganate | hydrogen peroxide | oxygen | potassium hydroxide | manganese dioxide molecular free energy | -737.6 kJ/mol | -120.4 kJ/mol | 231.7 kJ/mol | -379.4 kJ/mol | -465.1 kJ/mol total free energy | -1475 kJ/mol | -120.4 kJ/mol | 463.4 kJ/mol | -758.8 kJ/mol | -930.2 kJ/mol | G_initial = -1596 kJ/mol | | G_final = -1226 kJ/mol | | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1226 kJ/mol - -1596 kJ/mol = 370 kJ/mol (endergonic) | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| potassium permanganate | hydrogen peroxide | oxygen | potassium hydroxide | manganese dioxide Hill formula | KMnO_4 | H_2O_2 | O_2 | HKO | MnO_2 name | potassium permanganate | hydrogen peroxide | oxygen | potassium hydroxide | manganese dioxide IUPAC name | potassium permanganate | hydrogen peroxide | molecular oxygen | potassium hydroxide | dioxomanganese
Substance properties
| potassium permanganate | hydrogen peroxide | oxygen | potassium hydroxide | manganese dioxide molar mass | 158.03 g/mol | 34.014 g/mol | 31.998 g/mol | 56.105 g/mol | 86.936 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 240 °C | -0.43 °C | -218 °C | 406 °C | 535 °C boiling point | | 150.2 °C | -183 °C | 1327 °C | density | 1 g/cm^3 | 1.44 g/cm^3 | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 2.044 g/cm^3 | 5.03 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | miscible | | soluble | insoluble surface tension | | 0.0804 N/m | 0.01347 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | | 0.001249 Pa s (at 20 °C) | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.001 Pa s (at 550 °C) | odor | odorless | | odorless | |
Units
