Input interpretation
![NaOH sodium hydroxide + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O water + NaClO_3 sodium chlorate](../image_source/e9e91492bdf87a3093e6c7ea10e786af.png)
NaOH sodium hydroxide + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O water + NaClO_3 sodium chlorate
Balanced equation
![Balance the chemical equation algebraically: NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + NaClO_3 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 NaOH + c_2 Cl2O5 ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 NaClO_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O and Cl: H: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Na: | c_1 = c_4 O: | c_1 + 5 c_2 = c_3 + 3 c_4 Cl: | 2 c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + 2 NaClO_3](../image_source/845a5610fdf05a472c1d28d10665cf23.png)
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + NaClO_3 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 NaOH + c_2 Cl2O5 ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 NaClO_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O and Cl: H: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Na: | c_1 = c_4 O: | c_1 + 5 c_2 = c_3 + 3 c_4 Cl: | 2 c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + 2 NaClO_3
Structures
![+ Cl2O5 ⟶ +](../image_source/432ea83040ee10ebfc7b72f825575387.png)
+ Cl2O5 ⟶ +
Names
![sodium hydroxide + Cl2O5 ⟶ water + sodium chlorate](../image_source/a186627ce86805bff5590aa921fbe2fa.png)
sodium hydroxide + Cl2O5 ⟶ water + sodium chlorate
Equilibrium constant
![Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + NaClO_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + 2 NaClO_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 2 | -2 Cl2O5 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 NaClO_3 | 2 | 2 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression NaOH | 2 | -2 | ([NaOH])^(-2) Cl2O5 | 1 | -1 | ([Cl2O5])^(-1) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] NaClO_3 | 2 | 2 | ([NaClO3])^2 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([NaOH])^(-2) ([Cl2O5])^(-1) [H2O] ([NaClO3])^2 = ([H2O] ([NaClO3])^2)/(([NaOH])^2 [Cl2O5])](../image_source/aab3bf96802e41899eab4c39af163362.png)
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + NaClO_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + 2 NaClO_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 2 | -2 Cl2O5 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 NaClO_3 | 2 | 2 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression NaOH | 2 | -2 | ([NaOH])^(-2) Cl2O5 | 1 | -1 | ([Cl2O5])^(-1) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] NaClO_3 | 2 | 2 | ([NaClO3])^2 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([NaOH])^(-2) ([Cl2O5])^(-1) [H2O] ([NaClO3])^2 = ([H2O] ([NaClO3])^2)/(([NaOH])^2 [Cl2O5])
Rate of reaction
![Construct the rate of reaction expression for: NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + NaClO_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + 2 NaClO_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 2 | -2 Cl2O5 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 NaClO_3 | 2 | 2 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term NaOH | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) Cl2O5 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Cl2O5])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NaClO_3 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[NaClO3])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) = -(Δ[Cl2O5])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[NaClO3])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)](../image_source/fc8af41a0b567c771fdbb1c0417848d5.png)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + NaClO_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 NaOH + Cl2O5 ⟶ H_2O + 2 NaClO_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 2 | -2 Cl2O5 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 NaClO_3 | 2 | 2 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term NaOH | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) Cl2O5 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Cl2O5])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NaClO_3 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[NaClO3])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) = -(Δ[Cl2O5])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[NaClO3])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Chemical names and formulas
![| sodium hydroxide | Cl2O5 | water | sodium chlorate formula | NaOH | Cl2O5 | H_2O | NaClO_3 Hill formula | HNaO | Cl2O5 | H_2O | ClNaO_3 name | sodium hydroxide | | water | sodium chlorate](../image_source/1a42f5d89ee1eb35bfa2bfe1a373e475.png)
| sodium hydroxide | Cl2O5 | water | sodium chlorate formula | NaOH | Cl2O5 | H_2O | NaClO_3 Hill formula | HNaO | Cl2O5 | H_2O | ClNaO_3 name | sodium hydroxide | | water | sodium chlorate
Substance properties
![| sodium hydroxide | Cl2O5 | water | sodium chlorate molar mass | 39.997 g/mol | 150.9 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 106.4 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | | liquid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) melting point | 323 °C | | 0 °C | boiling point | 1390 °C | | 99.9839 °C | 106 °C density | 2.13 g/cm^3 | | 1 g/cm^3 | 1.3 g/cm^3 solubility in water | soluble | | | very soluble surface tension | 0.07435 N/m | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.00542 Pa s (at 286 °C) odor | | | odorless | odorless](../image_source/fdd08c035078e87c8edad512dc30cbe1.png)
| sodium hydroxide | Cl2O5 | water | sodium chlorate molar mass | 39.997 g/mol | 150.9 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 106.4 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | | liquid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) melting point | 323 °C | | 0 °C | boiling point | 1390 °C | | 99.9839 °C | 106 °C density | 2.13 g/cm^3 | | 1 g/cm^3 | 1.3 g/cm^3 solubility in water | soluble | | | very soluble surface tension | 0.07435 N/m | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.00542 Pa s (at 286 °C) odor | | | odorless | odorless
Units