Input interpretation
copper(II) sulfate + sodium ⟶ copper + sodium sulfate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cu, O, S and Na: Cu: | c_1 = c_3 O: | 4 c_1 = 4 c_4 S: | c_1 = c_4 Na: | c_2 = 2 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | + 2 ⟶ +
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
copper(II) sulfate + sodium ⟶ copper + sodium sulfate
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| copper(II) sulfate | sodium | copper | sodium sulfate molecular enthalpy | -771.4 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -1387 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -771.4 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -1387 kJ/mol | H_initial = -771.4 kJ/mol | | H_final = -1387 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1387 kJ/mol - -771.4 kJ/mol = -615.7 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| copper(II) sulfate | sodium | copper | sodium sulfate Hill formula | CuO_4S | Na | Cu | Na_2O_4S name | copper(II) sulfate | sodium | copper | sodium sulfate IUPAC name | copper sulfate | sodium | copper | disodium sulfate
Substance properties
| copper(II) sulfate | sodium | copper | sodium sulfate molar mass | 159.6 g/mol | 22.98976928 g/mol | 63.546 g/mol | 142.04 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 200 °C | 97.8 °C | 1083 °C | 884 °C boiling point | | 883 °C | 2567 °C | 1429 °C density | 3.603 g/cm^3 | 0.968 g/cm^3 | 8.96 g/cm^3 | 2.68 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | decomposes | insoluble | soluble dynamic viscosity | | 1.413×10^-5 Pa s (at 527 °C) | | odor | | | odorless |
Units
