Input interpretation
nitric acid + soda ash ⟶ water + carbon dioxide + sodium nitrate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, N, O, C and Na: H: | c_1 = 2 c_3 N: | c_1 = c_5 O: | 3 c_1 + 3 c_2 = c_3 + 2 c_4 + 3 c_5 C: | c_2 = c_4 Na: | 2 c_2 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ + + 2
Structures
+ ⟶ + +
Names
nitric acid + soda ash ⟶ water + carbon dioxide + sodium nitrate
Reaction thermodynamics
Gibbs free energy
| nitric acid | soda ash | water | carbon dioxide | sodium nitrate molecular free energy | -80.7 kJ/mol | -1044 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -394.4 kJ/mol | -366 kJ/mol total free energy | -161.4 kJ/mol | -1044 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -394.4 kJ/mol | -732 kJ/mol | G_initial = -1206 kJ/mol | | G_final = -1364 kJ/mol | | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1364 kJ/mol - -1206 kJ/mol = -157.7 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | |
Entropy
| nitric acid | soda ash | water | carbon dioxide | sodium nitrate molecular entropy | 156 J/(mol K) | 136 J/(mol K) | 69.91 J/(mol K) | 214 J/(mol K) | 116 J/(mol K) total entropy | 312 J/(mol K) | 136 J/(mol K) | 69.91 J/(mol K) | 214 J/(mol K) | 232 J/(mol K) | S_initial = 448 J/(mol K) | | S_final = 515.9 J/(mol K) | | ΔS_rxn^0 | 515.9 J/(mol K) - 448 J/(mol K) = 67.91 J/(mol K) (endoentropic) | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| nitric acid | soda ash | water | carbon dioxide | sodium nitrate Hill formula | HNO_3 | CNa_2O_3 | H_2O | CO_2 | NNaO_3 name | nitric acid | soda ash | water | carbon dioxide | sodium nitrate IUPAC name | nitric acid | disodium carbonate | water | carbon dioxide | sodium nitrate