Input interpretation
calcium hydroxide + ammonium chloride ⟶ water + ammonia + calcium chloride
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Ca, H, O, Cl and N: Ca: | c_1 = c_5 H: | 2 c_1 + 4 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 3 c_4 O: | 2 c_1 = c_3 Cl: | c_2 = 2 c_5 N: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | + 2 ⟶ 2 + 2 +
Structures
+ ⟶ + +
Names
calcium hydroxide + ammonium chloride ⟶ water + ammonia + calcium chloride
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| calcium hydroxide | ammonium chloride | water | ammonia | calcium chloride molecular enthalpy | -985.2 kJ/mol | -314.4 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -45.9 kJ/mol | -795.4 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -985.2 kJ/mol | -628.8 kJ/mol | -571.7 kJ/mol | -91.8 kJ/mol | -795.4 kJ/mol | H_initial = -1614 kJ/mol | | H_final = -1459 kJ/mol | | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1459 kJ/mol - -1614 kJ/mol = 155.1 kJ/mol (endothermic) | | | |
Gibbs free energy
| calcium hydroxide | ammonium chloride | water | ammonia | calcium chloride molecular free energy | -897.5 kJ/mol | -202.9 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -16.4 kJ/mol | -748.8 kJ/mol total free energy | -897.5 kJ/mol | -405.8 kJ/mol | -474.2 kJ/mol | -32.8 kJ/mol | -748.8 kJ/mol | G_initial = -1303 kJ/mol | | G_final = -1256 kJ/mol | | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1256 kJ/mol - -1303 kJ/mol = 47.5 kJ/mol (endergonic) | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| calcium hydroxide | ammonium chloride | water | ammonia | calcium chloride Hill formula | CaH_2O_2 | ClH_4N | H_2O | H_3N | CaCl_2 name | calcium hydroxide | ammonium chloride | water | ammonia | calcium chloride IUPAC name | calcium dihydroxide | ammonium chloride | water | ammonia | calcium dichloride