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scandium

Input interpretation

scandium (chemical element)
scandium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Image

Image
Image

Basic elemental properties

atomic symbol | Sc atomic number | 21 short electronic configuration | [Ar]4s^23d^1 Aufbau diagram | 3d 4s block | d group | 3 period | 4 atomic mass | 44.955908 u (unified atomic mass units)
atomic symbol | Sc atomic number | 21 short electronic configuration | [Ar]4s^23d^1 Aufbau diagram | 3d 4s block | d group | 3 period | 4 atomic mass | 44.955908 u (unified atomic mass units)

Thermodynamic properties

phase at STP | solid melting point | 1541 °C (rank: 25th) boiling point | 2830 °C (rank: 41st) molar heat of fusion | 16 kJ/mol (rank: 31st) molar heat of vaporization | 318 kJ/mol (rank: 37th) specific heat at STP | 567 J/(kg K) (rank: 20th) (properties at standard conditions)
phase at STP | solid melting point | 1541 °C (rank: 25th) boiling point | 2830 °C (rank: 41st) molar heat of fusion | 16 kJ/mol (rank: 31st) molar heat of vaporization | 318 kJ/mol (rank: 37th) specific heat at STP | 567 J/(kg K) (rank: 20th) (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

density | 2.985 g/cm^3 (rank: 70th) liquid density | 2.8 g/cm^3 molar volume | 15.06 cm^3/mol Brinell hardness | 750 MPa (rank: 18th) bulk modulus | 57 GPa (rank: 30th) shear modulus | 29 GPa Young's modulus | 74 GPa (rank: 27th) Poisson ratio | 0.28 (rank: 27th) tensile yield strength | 173 MPa (rank: 10th) ultimate tensile strength | 255 MPa (rank: 9th) thermal expansion | 1.02×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 39th) thermal conductivity | 16 W/(m K) (rank: 56th) (properties at standard conditions)
density | 2.985 g/cm^3 (rank: 70th) liquid density | 2.8 g/cm^3 molar volume | 15.06 cm^3/mol Brinell hardness | 750 MPa (rank: 18th) bulk modulus | 57 GPa (rank: 30th) shear modulus | 29 GPa Young's modulus | 74 GPa (rank: 27th) Poisson ratio | 0.28 (rank: 27th) tensile yield strength | 173 MPa (rank: 10th) ultimate tensile strength | 255 MPa (rank: 9th) thermal expansion | 1.02×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 39th) thermal conductivity | 16 W/(m K) (rank: 56th) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

electrical type | conductor resistivity | 5.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.8×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 2.627×10^-4 mass magnetic susceptibility | 8.8×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 3.956×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 3.5 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 8.463×10^14 Hz (hertz) superconducting point | 0.05 K (kelvins) color | (silver)
electrical type | conductor resistivity | 5.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.8×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 2.627×10^-4 mass magnetic susceptibility | 8.8×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 3.956×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 3.5 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 8.463×10^14 Hz (hertz) superconducting point | 0.05 K (kelvins) color | (silver)

Reactivity

valence | 3 electronegativity | 1.36 electron affinity | 18.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 633.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 633.1 kJ/mol | 1235 kJ/mol | 2388.6 kJ/mol | 7090.6 kJ/mol | 8843 kJ/mol | 10679 kJ/mol | 13310 kJ/mol | 15250 kJ/mol | 17370 kJ/mol | 21726 kJ/mol | 24102 kJ/mol | 66320 kJ/mol | 73010 kJ/mol | 80160 kJ/mol | 89490 kJ/mol | 97400 kJ/mol | 105600 kJ/mol | 117000 kJ/mol | 124270 kJ/mol | 547530 kJ/mol | 582163 kJ/mol
valence | 3 electronegativity | 1.36 electron affinity | 18.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 633.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 633.1 kJ/mol | 1235 kJ/mol | 2388.6 kJ/mol | 7090.6 kJ/mol | 8843 kJ/mol | 10679 kJ/mol | 13310 kJ/mol | 15250 kJ/mol | 17370 kJ/mol | 21726 kJ/mol | 24102 kJ/mol | 66320 kJ/mol | 73010 kJ/mol | 80160 kJ/mol | 89490 kJ/mol | 97400 kJ/mol | 105600 kJ/mol | 117000 kJ/mol | 124270 kJ/mol | 547530 kJ/mol | 582163 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

term symbol | ^2D_(3/2) atomic radius | 160 pm covalent radius | 170 pm (electronic ground state properties)
term symbol | ^2D_(3/2) atomic radius | 160 pm covalent radius | 170 pm (electronic ground state properties)
(neutral scandium atomic spectrum)
(neutral scandium atomic spectrum)

Abundances

universe abundance | 3×10^-6 mass% (rank: 32nd) solar abundance | 4×10^-6 mass% (rank: 31st) meteorite abundance | 6.4×10^-4 mass% (rank: 29th) crust abundance | 0.0026 mass% (rank: 31st) ocean abundance | 1.5×10^-10 mass% (rank: 58th) universe molar abundance | 1×10^-7 mol% (rank: 27th) solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-8 mol% (rank: 28th) meteorite molar abundance | 2.9×10^-4 mol% (rank: 27th) ocean molar abundance | 2.1×10^-11 mol% (rank: 67th) crust molar abundance | 0.0012 mol% (rank: 29th)
universe abundance | 3×10^-6 mass% (rank: 32nd) solar abundance | 4×10^-6 mass% (rank: 31st) meteorite abundance | 6.4×10^-4 mass% (rank: 29th) crust abundance | 0.0026 mass% (rank: 31st) ocean abundance | 1.5×10^-10 mass% (rank: 58th) universe molar abundance | 1×10^-7 mol% (rank: 27th) solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-8 mol% (rank: 28th) meteorite molar abundance | 2.9×10^-4 mol% (rank: 27th) ocean molar abundance | 2.1×10^-11 mol% (rank: 67th) crust molar abundance | 0.0012 mol% (rank: 29th)

Nuclear properties

half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Sc-45 (100%) unstable isotopes | Sc-46 (83.78 days) | Sc-47 (80.3806 h) | Sc-48 (43.67 h) | Sc-44 (3.97 h) | Sc-43 (3.8917 h) | Sc-49 (57.17 min) | Sc-50 (102.5 s) | Sc-51 (12.4 s) | Sc-52 (8.2 s) | Sc-53 (3 s) | Sc-42 (681.3 ms) | Sc-41 (596.3 ms) | Sc-54 (360 ms) | Sc-40 (182.3 ms) | Sc-55 (105 ms) | Sc-56 (35 ms) | Sc-57 (13 ms) | Sc-58 (12 ms) | Sc-59 (10 ms) | Sc-60 (3 ms) | Sc-39 (300 ns) | Sc-38 (300 ns) neutron cross-section | 27.2 b neutron mass absorption | 0.025 m^2/kg
half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Sc-45 (100%) unstable isotopes | Sc-46 (83.78 days) | Sc-47 (80.3806 h) | Sc-48 (43.67 h) | Sc-44 (3.97 h) | Sc-43 (3.8917 h) | Sc-49 (57.17 min) | Sc-50 (102.5 s) | Sc-51 (12.4 s) | Sc-52 (8.2 s) | Sc-53 (3 s) | Sc-42 (681.3 ms) | Sc-41 (596.3 ms) | Sc-54 (360 ms) | Sc-40 (182.3 ms) | Sc-55 (105 ms) | Sc-56 (35 ms) | Sc-57 (13 ms) | Sc-58 (12 ms) | Sc-59 (10 ms) | Sc-60 (3 ms) | Sc-39 (300 ns) | Sc-38 (300 ns) neutron cross-section | 27.2 b neutron mass absorption | 0.025 m^2/kg

Identifiers

CAS number | 7440-20-2 PubChem CID number | 23952
CAS number | 7440-20-2 PubChem CID number | 23952

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