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HCl + C6H5ONa = NaCl + C6H5OH

Input interpretation

HCl hydrogen chloride + C_6H_5NaO sodium phenolate ⟶ NaCl sodium chloride + C_6H_5OH phenol
HCl hydrogen chloride + C_6H_5NaO sodium phenolate ⟶ NaCl sodium chloride + C_6H_5OH phenol

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 HCl + c_2 C_6H_5NaO ⟶ c_3 NaCl + c_4 C_6H_5OH Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, H, C, Na and O: Cl: | c_1 = c_3 H: | c_1 + 5 c_2 = 6 c_4 C: | 6 c_2 = 6 c_4 Na: | c_2 = c_3 O: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 HCl + c_2 C_6H_5NaO ⟶ c_3 NaCl + c_4 C_6H_5OH Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, H, C, Na and O: Cl: | c_1 = c_3 H: | c_1 + 5 c_2 = 6 c_4 C: | 6 c_2 = 6 c_4 Na: | c_2 = c_3 O: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH

Structures

+ ⟶ +
+ ⟶ +

Names

hydrogen chloride + sodium phenolate ⟶ sodium chloride + phenol
hydrogen chloride + sodium phenolate ⟶ sodium chloride + phenol

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i HCl | 1 | -1 C_6H_5NaO | 1 | -1 NaCl | 1 | 1 C_6H_5OH | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression HCl | 1 | -1 | ([HCl])^(-1) C_6H_5NaO | 1 | -1 | ([C6H5NaO])^(-1) NaCl | 1 | 1 | [NaCl] C_6H_5OH | 1 | 1 | [C6H5OH] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([HCl])^(-1) ([C6H5NaO])^(-1) [NaCl] [C6H5OH] = ([NaCl] [C6H5OH])/([HCl] [C6H5NaO])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i HCl | 1 | -1 C_6H_5NaO | 1 | -1 NaCl | 1 | 1 C_6H_5OH | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression HCl | 1 | -1 | ([HCl])^(-1) C_6H_5NaO | 1 | -1 | ([C6H5NaO])^(-1) NaCl | 1 | 1 | [NaCl] C_6H_5OH | 1 | 1 | [C6H5OH] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([HCl])^(-1) ([C6H5NaO])^(-1) [NaCl] [C6H5OH] = ([NaCl] [C6H5OH])/([HCl] [C6H5NaO])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i HCl | 1 | -1 C_6H_5NaO | 1 | -1 NaCl | 1 | 1 C_6H_5OH | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term HCl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[HCl])/(Δt) C_6H_5NaO | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[C6H5NaO])/(Δt) NaCl | 1 | 1 | (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) C_6H_5OH | 1 | 1 | (Δ[C6H5OH])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[HCl])/(Δt) = -(Δ[C6H5NaO])/(Δt) = (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) = (Δ[C6H5OH])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: HCl + C_6H_5NaO ⟶ NaCl + C_6H_5OH Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i HCl | 1 | -1 C_6H_5NaO | 1 | -1 NaCl | 1 | 1 C_6H_5OH | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term HCl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[HCl])/(Δt) C_6H_5NaO | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[C6H5NaO])/(Δt) NaCl | 1 | 1 | (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) C_6H_5OH | 1 | 1 | (Δ[C6H5OH])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[HCl])/(Δt) = -(Δ[C6H5NaO])/(Δt) = (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) = (Δ[C6H5OH])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| hydrogen chloride | sodium phenolate | sodium chloride | phenol formula | HCl | C_6H_5NaO | NaCl | C_6H_5OH Hill formula | ClH | C_6H_5NaO | ClNa | C_6H_6O name | hydrogen chloride | sodium phenolate | sodium chloride | phenol IUPAC name | hydrogen chloride | sodium phenoxide | sodium chloride | phenol
| hydrogen chloride | sodium phenolate | sodium chloride | phenol formula | HCl | C_6H_5NaO | NaCl | C_6H_5OH Hill formula | ClH | C_6H_5NaO | ClNa | C_6H_6O name | hydrogen chloride | sodium phenolate | sodium chloride | phenol IUPAC name | hydrogen chloride | sodium phenoxide | sodium chloride | phenol

Substance properties

| hydrogen chloride | sodium phenolate | sodium chloride | phenol molar mass | 36.46 g/mol | 116.09 g/mol | 58.44 g/mol | 94.11 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -114.17 °C | 384 °C | 801 °C | 40.89 °C boiling point | -85 °C | | 1413 °C | 181.87 °C density | 0.00149 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 1.34 g/cm^3 | 2.16 g/cm^3 | 1.071 g/cm^3 solubility in water | miscible | very soluble | soluble | surface tension | | | | 0.0382 N/m dynamic viscosity | | | | -0.7771 Pa s (at 25 °C) odor | | | odorless |
| hydrogen chloride | sodium phenolate | sodium chloride | phenol molar mass | 36.46 g/mol | 116.09 g/mol | 58.44 g/mol | 94.11 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -114.17 °C | 384 °C | 801 °C | 40.89 °C boiling point | -85 °C | | 1413 °C | 181.87 °C density | 0.00149 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 1.34 g/cm^3 | 2.16 g/cm^3 | 1.071 g/cm^3 solubility in water | miscible | very soluble | soluble | surface tension | | | | 0.0382 N/m dynamic viscosity | | | | -0.7771 Pa s (at 25 °C) odor | | | odorless |

Units

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