Input interpretation
sodium hydroxide + sulfur dioxide ⟶ water + sodium sulfite
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O and S: H: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Na: | c_1 = 2 c_4 O: | c_1 + 2 c_2 = c_3 + 3 c_4 S: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ +
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
sodium hydroxide + sulfur dioxide ⟶ water + sodium sulfite
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| sodium hydroxide | sulfur dioxide | water | sodium sulfite molecular enthalpy | -425.8 kJ/mol | -296.8 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -1101 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -851.6 kJ/mol | -296.8 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -1101 kJ/mol | H_initial = -1148 kJ/mol | | H_final = -1387 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1387 kJ/mol - -1148 kJ/mol = -238.2 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | |
Gibbs free energy
| sodium hydroxide | sulfur dioxide | water | sodium sulfite molecular free energy | -379.7 kJ/mol | -300.1 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -10125 kJ/mol total free energy | -759.4 kJ/mol | -300.1 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -10125 kJ/mol | G_initial = -1060 kJ/mol | | G_final = -10362 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -10362 kJ/mol - -1060 kJ/mol = -9303 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| sodium hydroxide | sulfur dioxide | water | sodium sulfite Hill formula | HNaO | O_2S | H_2O | Na_2O_3S name | sodium hydroxide | sulfur dioxide | water | sodium sulfite IUPAC name | sodium hydroxide | sulfur dioxide | water | disodium sulfite