Input interpretation
period 2 elements
Members
lithium | beryllium | boron | carbon | nitrogen | oxygen | fluorine | neon (total: 8)
Periodic table location
Periodic table location
Images
Images
Basic elemental properties
atomic symbol | all | B | Be | C | F | Li | N | Ne | O atomic number | median | 6.5 | highest | 10 (neon) | lowest | 3 (lithium) | distribution | block | all | p | s group | all | 1 | 2 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 period | all | 2 atomic mass | median | 13.009 u | highest | 20.1797 u (neon) | lowest | 6.94 u (lithium) | distribution |
Thermodynamic properties
phase at STP | all | gas | solid melting point | median | -14.8 °C | highest | 3550 °C (carbon) | lowest | -248.59 °C (neon) | distribution | boiling point | median | 579.5 °C | highest | 4027 °C (carbon) | lowest | -246.08 °C (neon) | distribution | critical temperature | median | 144.13 K | highest | 3223 K (lithium) | lowest | 44.4 K (neon) critical pressure | median | 5.043 MPa | highest | 67 MPa (lithium) | lowest | 2.76 MPa (neon) molar heat of fusion | median | 1.7 kJ/mol | highest | 105 kJ/mol (carbon) | lowest | 0.222 kJ/mol (oxygen) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 75.2 kJ/mol | highest | 715 kJ/mol (carbon) | lowest | 1.75 kJ/mol (neon) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 1030 J/(kg K) | highest | 3570 J/(kg K) (lithium) | lowest | 710 J/(kg K) (carbon) | distribution | adiabatic index | all | 7/5 | 5/3 (properties at standard conditions)
Material properties
density | median | 0.268 g/cm^3 | highest | 2.46 g/cm^3 (boron) | lowest | 9×10^-4 g/cm^3 (neon) | distribution | liquid density | median | 1.69 g/cm^3 | highest | 2.08 g/cm^3 (boron) | lowest | 0.512 g/cm^3 (lithium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 5604 cm^3/mol | highest | 22400 cm^3/mol (neon) | lowest | 4.394 cm^3/mol (boron) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 3.1 | highest | 9.3 (between corundum and diamond) (boron) | lowest | 0.5 (between talc and gypsum) (carbon) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 1670 MPa | 49000 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 600 MPa bulk modulus | median | 81 GPa | highest | 320 GPa (boron) | lowest | 11 GPa (lithium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.032 ultimate tensile strength | all | 2 MPa | 15 MPa | 370 MPa refractive index | median | 1.000271 | highest | 2.417 (carbon) | lowest | 1.000067 (neon) sound speed | median | 6000 m/s | highest | 18350 m/s (carbon) | lowest | 317.5 m/s (oxygen) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 9.2×10^-6 K^(-1) | highest | 4.6×10^-5 K^(-1) (lithium) | lowest | 6×10^-6 K^(-1) (boron) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 14 W/(m K) | highest | 190 W/(m K) (beryllium) | lowest | 0.02583 W/(m K) (nitrogen) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)
Electromagnetic properties
resistivity | median | 5×10^-6 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 10000 Ω m (ohm meters) (boron) | lowest | 4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (beryllium) electrical conductivity | median | 5.6×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 2.5×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (beryllium) | lowest | 1×10^-4 S/m (siemens per meter) (boron) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | -6.8×10^-9 | highest | 1.37×10^-5 (lithium) | lowest | -2.328×10^-5 (beryllium) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | -5.4×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 1.335×10^-6 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (oxygen) | lowest | -1.26×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (beryllium) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | -8.27×10^-11 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 4.27184×10^-8 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (oxygen) | lowest | -1.5×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (nitrogen) | distribution | work function | all | 2.93 eV | 4.45 eV | 4.98 eV | 5 eV
Reactivity
valence | median | 2 | highest | 4 (carbon) | lowest | 0 (neon) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.55 | highest | 3.98 (fluorine) | lowest | 0.98 (lithium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 43.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 328 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (fluorine) | lowest | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (beryllium and neon) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 1200.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 2080.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (neon) | lowest | 520.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (lithium) | distribution |
Atomic properties
term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2P_(1/2) | ^2P_(3/2) | ^2S_(1/2) | ^3P_0 | ^3P_2 | ^4S_(3/2) atomic radius | median | 68 pm | highest | 145 pm (lithium) | lowest | 38 pm (neon) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 74 pm | highest | 128 pm (lithium) | lowest | 57 pm (fluorine and neon) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 155 pm | highest | 182 pm (lithium) | lowest | 147 pm (fluorine) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)