hydrogen vs sulfur vs phosphorus

hydrogen (chemical element) | sulfur (chemical element) | phosphorus (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus atomic symbol | H | S | P atomic number | 1 | 16 | 15 short electronic configuration | 1s^1 | [Ne]3s^23p^4 | [Ne]3s^23p^3 Aufbau diagram | 1s | 3p 3s | 3p 3s block | s | p | p group | 1 | 16 | 15 period | 1 | 3 | 3 atomic mass | 1.008 u | 32.06 u | 30.973761998 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus phase at STP | gas | solid | solid melting point | -259.14 °C | 115.21 °C | 44.2 °C boiling point | -252.87 °C | 444.72 °C | 280.5 °C critical temperature | 32.97 K | 1314 K | critical pressure | 1.293 MPa | 20.7 MPa | molar heat of fusion | 0.558 kJ/mol | 1.73 kJ/mol | 0.64 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 0.452 kJ/mol | 9.8 kJ/mol | 12.4 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 14300 J/(kg K) | 705 J/(kg K) | 769.7 J/(kg K) adiabatic index | 7/5 | | (properties at standard conditions)

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus density | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 | 1.96 g/cm^3 | 1.823 g/cm^3 liquid density | | 1.819 g/cm^3 | molar volume | 11200 cm^3/mol | 16.36 cm^3/mol | 16.99 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | | 2 (≈ gypsum) | bulk modulus | | 7.7 GPa | 11 GPa refractive index | 1.000132 | 1.001111 | 1.001212 sound speed | 1270 m/s | | thermal conductivity | 0.1805 W/(m K) | 0.205 W/(m K) | 0.236 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus electrical type | | insulator | conductor resistivity | | 1×10^15 Ω m (ohm meters) | 1×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | | 1×10^-15 S/m (siemens per meter) | 1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | diamagnetic | diamagnetic | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -2.23×10^-9 | -1.22×10^-5 | -2.06×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | -2.48×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -6.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -1.13×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -4.999×10^-11 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -1.99×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -3.5×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) color | (colorless) | (yellow) | (colorless) refractive index | 1.000132 | 1.001111 | 1.001212

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus valence | 1 | 6 | 5 electronegativity | 2.2 | 2.58 | 2.19 electron affinity | 72.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 200 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 72 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 1312 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 999.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1011.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1312 kJ/mol | 999.6 kJ/mol | 2252 kJ/mol | 3357 kJ/mol | 4556 kJ/mol | 7004.3 kJ/mol | 8495.8 kJ/mol | 27107 kJ/mol | 31719 kJ/mol | 36621 kJ/mol | 43177 kJ/mol | 1011.8 kJ/mol | 1907 kJ/mol | 2914.1 kJ/mol | 4963.6 kJ/mol | 6273.9 kJ/mol | 21267 kJ/mol | 25431 kJ/mol | 29872 kJ/mol | 35905 kJ/mol | 40950 kJ/mol

Reactivity

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus term symbol | ^2S_(1/2) | ^3P_2 | ^4S_(3/2) atomic radius | 25 pm | 100 pm | 100 pm covalent radius | 31 pm | 105 pm | 107 pm van der Waals radius | 120 pm | 180 pm | 180 pm (electronic ground state properties)

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus universe abundance | 75 mass% | 0.05 mass% | 7×10^-4 mass% solar abundance | 75 mass% | 0.04 mass% | 7×10^-4 mass% meteorite abundance | 2.4 mass% | 4 mass% | 0.11 mass% crust abundance | 0.15 mass% | 0.042 mass% | 0.099 mass% ocean abundance | 11 mass% | 0.093 mass% | 7×10^-6 mass% human abundance | 10 mass% | 0.2 mass% | 1.1 mass% universe molar abundance | 93 mol% | 0.002 mol% | 3×10^-5 mol% solar molar abundance | 93 mol% | 9.9×10^-4 mol% | 3×10^-5 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 17 mol% | 2.2 mol% | 0.07 mol% ocean molar abundance | 66 mol% | 0.018 mol% | 1.4×10^-6 mol% crust molar abundance | 3.1 mol% | 0.027 mol% | 0.07 mol% human molar abundance | 62 mol% | 0.039 mol% | 0.22 mol%

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable) stable isotopes | H-1 (99.985%) | H-2 (1.5×10^-4) | S-32 (95.02%) | S-34 (4.21%) | S-33 (0.75%) | S-36 (2×10^-4) | P-31 (100%) nuclear spin | H-1: 1/2^+ | H-2: 1^+ | H-3: 1/2^+ | H-4: 2^- | H-5: 1/2^+ | H-6: 2^- | H-7: 1/2^+ | S-26: 0^+ | S-27: 5/2^+ | S-28: 0^+ | S-29: 5/2^+ | S-30: 0^+ | S-31: 1/2^+ | S-32: 0^+ | S-33: 3/2^+ | S-34: 0^+ | S-35: 3/2^+ | S-36: 0^+ | S-37: 7/2^- | S-38: 0^+ | S-39: 7/2^- | S-40: 0^+ | S-41: 7/2^- | S-42: 0^+ | S-43: 3/2^- | S-44: 0^+ | S-45: 3/2^- | S-46: 0^+ | S-47: 3/2^- | S-48: 0^+ | S-49: 3/2^- | P-24: 1^+ | P-25: 1/2^+ | P-26: 3^+ | P-27: 1/2^+ | P-28: 3^+ | P-29: 1/2^+ | P-30: 1^+ | P-31: 1/2^+ | P-32: 1^+ | P-33: 1/2^+ | P-34: 1^+ | P-35: 1/2^+ | P-36: 4^- | P-37: 1/2^+ | P-39: 1/2^+ | P-41: 1/2^+ | P-43: 1/2^+ | P-45: 1/2^+ unstable isotopes | H-3 (12.32 yr) | H-6 (0.29 zs) | H-4 (0.139 zs) | H-5 (0.08 zs) | H-7 (0.023 zs) | S-35 (87.51 days) | S-38 (170.33 min) | S-37 (5.05 min) | S-39 (11.5 s) | S-40 (8.8 s) | S-31 (2.572 s) | S-41 (1.99 s) | S-30 (1.178 s) | S-42 (1.013 s) | S-43 (280 ms) | S-29 (187 ms) | S-28 (125 ms) | S-44 (100 ms) | S-45 (68 ms) | S-46 (50 ms) | S-47 (20 ms) | S-27 (15.5 ms) | S-26 (10 ms) | S-49 (200 ns) | S-48 (200 ns) | P-33 (25.34 days) | P-32 (14.262 days) | P-30 (149.9 s) | P-35 (47.3 s) | P-34 (12.43 s) | P-36 (5.6 s) | P-29 (4.142 s) | P-37 (2.31 s) | P-38 (640 ms) | P-39 (280 ms) | P-28 (270.3 ms) | P-27 (260 ms) | P-40 (125 ms) | P-41 (100 ms) | P-42 (48.5 ms) | P-26 (43.7 ms) | P-43 (36.5 ms) | P-44 (18.5 ms) | P-46 (200 ns) | P-45 (200 ns) | P-25 (30 ns) neutron cross-section | 0.332 b | 0.52 b | 0.18 b neutron mass absorption | 0.011 m^2/kg | 5.5×10^-4 m^2/kg | 2×10^-4 m^2/kg

| hydrogen | sulfur | phosphorus CAS number | 1333-74-0 | 7704-34-9 | 7723-14-0 PubChem CID number | 783 | |