carbon vs hydrogen vs magnesium vs argon

carbon (chemical element) | hydrogen (chemical element) | magnesium (chemical element) | argon (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration carbon | C | 6 | [He]2s^22p^2 hydrogen | H | 1 | 1s^1 magnesium | Mg | 12 | [Ne]3s^2 argon | Ar | 18 | [Ne]3s^23p^6 | Aufbau diagram | block | group carbon | 2p 2s | p | 14 hydrogen | 1s | s | 1 magnesium | 3s | s | 2 argon | 3p 3s | p | 18 | period | atomic mass | half-life carbon | 2 | 12.011 u | (stable) hydrogen | 1 | 1.008 u | (stable) magnesium | 3 | 24.305 u | (stable) argon | 3 | 39.948 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | gas | solid melting point | median | 230 °C | highest | 3550 °C (carbon) | lowest | -259.14 °C (hydrogen) | distribution | boiling point | median | 452.1 °C | highest | 4027 °C (carbon) | lowest | -252.87 °C (hydrogen) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 4.9 kJ/mol | highest | 105 kJ/mol (carbon) | lowest | 0.558 kJ/mol (hydrogen) molar heat of vaporization | median | 67.3 kJ/mol | highest | 715 kJ/mol (carbon) | lowest | 0.452 kJ/mol (hydrogen) specific heat at STP | median | 865 J/(kg K) | highest | 14300 J/(kg K) (hydrogen) | lowest | 520.33 J/(kg K) (argon) (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 0.8699 g/cm^3 | highest | 2.26 g/cm^3 (carbon) | lowest | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 (hydrogen) | distribution | molar volume | median | 5610 cm^3/mol | highest | 22390 cm^3/mol (argon) | lowest | 5.315 cm^3/mol (carbon) | distribution | Brinell hardness | all | 260 MPa Poisson ratio | all | 0.29 refractive index | median | 1.000281 | highest | 2.417 (carbon) | lowest | 1.000132 (hydrogen) sound speed | median | 2936 m/s | highest | 18350 m/s (carbon) | lowest | 319 m/s (argon) thermal conductivity | median | 70.1 W/(m K) | highest | 160 W/(m K) (magnesium) | lowest | 0.01772 W/(m K) (argon) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

valence | median | 1.5 | highest | 4 (carbon) | lowest | 0 (argon) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.2 | highest | 2.55 (carbon) | lowest | 1.31 (magnesium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 36.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 153.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (carbon) | lowest | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (magnesium and argon) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 1199.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1520.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (argon) | lowest | 737.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (magnesium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2S_(1/2) | ^3P_0 atomic radius | median | 70 pm | highest | 150 pm (magnesium) | lowest | 25 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 91 pm | highest | 141 pm (magnesium) | lowest | 31 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 171 pm | highest | 188 pm (argon) | lowest | 120 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 0.28 mass% | highest | 75 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 0.02 mass% (argon) solar abundance | median | 0.18 mass% | highest | 75 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 0.007 mass% (argon) meteorite abundance | median | 2.4 mass% | highest | 12 mass% (magnesium) | lowest | 1.5 mass% (carbon) crust abundance | median | 0.16 mass% | highest | 2.9 mass% (magnesium) | lowest | 1.5×10^-4 mass% (argon) ocean abundance | median | 0.066 mass% | highest | 11 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 4.5×10^-5 mass% (argon) human abundance | median | 10 mass% | highest | 23 mass% (carbon) | lowest | 0.027 mass% (magnesium) | distribution | universe molar abundance | median | 0.027 mol% | highest | 93 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 6×10^-4 mol% (argon) solar molar abundance | median | 0.016 mol% | highest | 93 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 2×10^-4 mol% (argon) meteorite molar abundance | median | 10 mol% | highest | 17 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 1.8 mol% (carbon) | distribution | ocean molar abundance | median | 0.018 mol% | highest | 66 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 7×10^-6 mol% (argon) crust molar abundance | median | 1.4 mol% | highest | 3.1 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 7.8×10^-5 mol% (argon) | distribution | human molar abundance | median | 12 mol% | highest | 62 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 0.007 mol% (magnesium)