Input interpretation
sulfuric acid + potassium iodide ⟶ water + iodine + hydrogen sulfide + potassium bisulfate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 + c_5 + c_6 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, S, I and K: H: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_3 + 2 c_5 + c_6 O: | 4 c_1 = c_3 + 4 c_6 S: | c_1 = c_5 + c_6 I: | c_2 = 2 c_4 K: | c_2 = c_6 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_5 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 9 c_2 = 8 c_3 = 4 c_4 = 4 c_5 = 1 c_6 = 8 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 9 + 8 ⟶ 4 + 4 + + 8
Structures
+ ⟶ + + +
Names
sulfuric acid + potassium iodide ⟶ water + iodine + hydrogen sulfide + potassium bisulfate
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| sulfuric acid | potassium iodide | water | iodine | hydrogen sulfide | potassium bisulfate molecular enthalpy | -814 kJ/mol | -327.9 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -20.6 kJ/mol | -1161 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -7326 kJ/mol | -2623 kJ/mol | -1143 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -20.6 kJ/mol | -9285 kJ/mol | H_initial = -9949 kJ/mol | | H_final = -10449 kJ/mol | | | ΔH_rxn^0 | -10449 kJ/mol - -9949 kJ/mol = -499.5 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | | |
Gibbs free energy
| sulfuric acid | potassium iodide | water | iodine | hydrogen sulfide | potassium bisulfate molecular free energy | -690 kJ/mol | -324.9 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -33.4 kJ/mol | -1031 kJ/mol total free energy | -6210 kJ/mol | -2599 kJ/mol | -948.4 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -33.4 kJ/mol | -8250 kJ/mol | G_initial = -8809 kJ/mol | | G_final = -9232 kJ/mol | | | ΔG_rxn^0 | -9232 kJ/mol - -8809 kJ/mol = -423 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| sulfuric acid | potassium iodide | water | iodine | hydrogen sulfide | potassium bisulfate Hill formula | H_2O_4S | IK | H_2O | I_2 | H_2S | HKO_4S name | sulfuric acid | potassium iodide | water | iodine | hydrogen sulfide | potassium bisulfate IUPAC name | sulfuric acid | potassium iodide | water | molecular iodine | hydrogen sulfide | potassium hydrogen sulfate
Substance properties
| sulfuric acid | potassium iodide | water | iodine | hydrogen sulfide | potassium bisulfate molar mass | 98.07 g/mol | 166.0028 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 253.80894 g/mol | 34.08 g/mol | 136.16 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 10.371 °C | 681 °C | 0 °C | 113 °C | -85 °C | 214 °C boiling point | 279.6 °C | 1330 °C | 99.9839 °C | 184 °C | -60 °C | density | 1.8305 g/cm^3 | 3.123 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | 4.94 g/cm^3 | 0.001393 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 2.32 g/cm^3 solubility in water | very soluble | | | | | surface tension | 0.0735 N/m | | 0.0728 N/m | | | dynamic viscosity | 0.021 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.0010227 Pa s (at 732.9 °C) | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.00227 Pa s (at 116 °C) | 1.239×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | odorless | | odorless | | |
Units
