Input interpretation
water + hydrogen sulfide + bromine ⟶ sulfuric acid + hydrogen bromide
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, S and Br: H: | 2 c_1 + 2 c_2 = 2 c_4 + c_5 O: | c_1 = 4 c_4 S: | c_2 = c_4 Br: | 2 c_3 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 4 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 4 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 8 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 4 + + 4 ⟶ + 8
Structures
+ + ⟶ +
Names
water + hydrogen sulfide + bromine ⟶ sulfuric acid + hydrogen bromide
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| water | hydrogen sulfide | bromine | sulfuric acid | hydrogen bromide molecular enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | -20.6 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -814 kJ/mol | -36.3 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -1143 kJ/mol | -20.6 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -814 kJ/mol | -290.4 kJ/mol | H_initial = -1164 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -1104 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1104 kJ/mol - -1164 kJ/mol = 59.52 kJ/mol (endothermic) | | | |
Gibbs free energy
| water | hydrogen sulfide | bromine | sulfuric acid | hydrogen bromide molecular free energy | -237.1 kJ/mol | -33.4 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -690 kJ/mol | -53.4 kJ/mol total free energy | -948.4 kJ/mol | -33.4 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -690 kJ/mol | -427.2 kJ/mol | G_initial = -981.8 kJ/mol | | | G_final = -1117 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1117 kJ/mol - -981.8 kJ/mol = -135.4 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | |
Entropy
| water | hydrogen sulfide | bromine | sulfuric acid | hydrogen bromide molecular entropy | 69.91 J/(mol K) | 206 J/(mol K) | 152.2 J/(mol K) | 157 J/(mol K) | 199 J/(mol K) total entropy | 279.6 J/(mol K) | 206 J/(mol K) | 608.9 J/(mol K) | 157 J/(mol K) | 1592 J/(mol K) | S_initial = 1095 J/(mol K) | | | S_final = 1749 J/(mol K) | ΔS_rxn^0 | 1749 J/(mol K) - 1095 J/(mol K) = 654.4 J/(mol K) (endoentropic) | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| water | hydrogen sulfide | bromine | sulfuric acid | hydrogen bromide Hill formula | H_2O | H_2S | Br_2 | H_2O_4S | BrH name | water | hydrogen sulfide | bromine | sulfuric acid | hydrogen bromide IUPAC name | water | hydrogen sulfide | molecular bromine | sulfuric acid | hydrogen bromide