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Na + C2H5I + C4H9I = NaI + C6H14

Input interpretation

Na sodium + C_2H_5I iodoethane + CH_3(CH_2)_3I 1-iodobutane ⟶ NaI sodium iodide + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 N-hexane
Na sodium + C_2H_5I iodoethane + CH_3(CH_2)_3I 1-iodobutane ⟶ NaI sodium iodide + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 N-hexane

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Na + c_2 C_2H_5I + c_3 CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ c_4 NaI + c_5 CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Na, C, H and I: Na: | c_1 = c_4 C: | 2 c_2 + 4 c_3 = 6 c_5 H: | 5 c_2 + 9 c_3 = 14 c_5 I: | c_2 + c_3 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ 2 NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Na + c_2 C_2H_5I + c_3 CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ c_4 NaI + c_5 CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Na, C, H and I: Na: | c_1 = c_4 C: | 2 c_2 + 4 c_3 = 6 c_5 H: | 5 c_2 + 9 c_3 = 14 c_5 I: | c_2 + c_3 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ 2 NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3

Structures

+ + ⟶ +
+ + ⟶ +

Names

sodium + iodoethane + 1-iodobutane ⟶ sodium iodide + N-hexane
sodium + iodoethane + 1-iodobutane ⟶ sodium iodide + N-hexane

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ 2 NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Na | 2 | -2 C_2H_5I | 1 | -1 CH_3(CH_2)_3I | 1 | -1 NaI | 2 | 2 CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Na | 2 | -2 | ([Na])^(-2) C_2H_5I | 1 | -1 | ([C2H5I])^(-1) CH_3(CH_2)_3I | 1 | -1 | ([CH3(CH2)3I])^(-1) NaI | 2 | 2 | ([NaI])^2 CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 | 1 | 1 | [CH3(CH2)4CH3] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Na])^(-2) ([C2H5I])^(-1) ([CH3(CH2)3I])^(-1) ([NaI])^2 [CH3(CH2)4CH3] = (([NaI])^2 [CH3(CH2)4CH3])/(([Na])^2 [C2H5I] [CH3(CH2)3I])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ 2 NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Na | 2 | -2 C_2H_5I | 1 | -1 CH_3(CH_2)_3I | 1 | -1 NaI | 2 | 2 CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Na | 2 | -2 | ([Na])^(-2) C_2H_5I | 1 | -1 | ([C2H5I])^(-1) CH_3(CH_2)_3I | 1 | -1 | ([CH3(CH2)3I])^(-1) NaI | 2 | 2 | ([NaI])^2 CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 | 1 | 1 | [CH3(CH2)4CH3] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Na])^(-2) ([C2H5I])^(-1) ([CH3(CH2)3I])^(-1) ([NaI])^2 [CH3(CH2)4CH3] = (([NaI])^2 [CH3(CH2)4CH3])/(([Na])^2 [C2H5I] [CH3(CH2)3I])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ 2 NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Na | 2 | -2 C_2H_5I | 1 | -1 CH_3(CH_2)_3I | 1 | -1 NaI | 2 | 2 CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Na | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[Na])/(Δt) C_2H_5I | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[C2H5I])/(Δt) CH_3(CH_2)_3I | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3(CH2)3I])/(Δt) NaI | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[NaI])/(Δt) CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CH3(CH2)4CH3])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[Na])/(Δt) = -(Δ[C2H5I])/(Δt) = -(Δ[CH3(CH2)3I])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[NaI])/(Δt) = (Δ[CH3(CH2)4CH3])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 Na + C_2H_5I + CH_3(CH_2)_3I ⟶ 2 NaI + CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Na | 2 | -2 C_2H_5I | 1 | -1 CH_3(CH_2)_3I | 1 | -1 NaI | 2 | 2 CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Na | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[Na])/(Δt) C_2H_5I | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[C2H5I])/(Δt) CH_3(CH_2)_3I | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3(CH2)3I])/(Δt) NaI | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[NaI])/(Δt) CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CH3(CH2)4CH3])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[Na])/(Δt) = -(Δ[C2H5I])/(Δt) = -(Δ[CH3(CH2)3I])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[NaI])/(Δt) = (Δ[CH3(CH2)4CH3])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| sodium | iodoethane | 1-iodobutane | sodium iodide | N-hexane formula | Na | C_2H_5I | CH_3(CH_2)_3I | NaI | CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Hill formula | Na | C_2H_5I | C_4H_9I | INa | C_6H_14 name | sodium | iodoethane | 1-iodobutane | sodium iodide | N-hexane IUPAC name | sodium | iodoethane | 1-iodobutane | sodium iodide | hexane
| sodium | iodoethane | 1-iodobutane | sodium iodide | N-hexane formula | Na | C_2H_5I | CH_3(CH_2)_3I | NaI | CH_3(CH_2)_4CH_3 Hill formula | Na | C_2H_5I | C_4H_9I | INa | C_6H_14 name | sodium | iodoethane | 1-iodobutane | sodium iodide | N-hexane IUPAC name | sodium | iodoethane | 1-iodobutane | sodium iodide | hexane

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