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phosphorus

Input interpretation

phosphorus (chemical element)
phosphorus (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Image

Image
Image

Basic elemental properties

atomic symbol | P atomic number | 15 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^23p^3 Aufbau diagram | 3p 3s block | p group | 15 period | 3 atomic mass | 30.973761998 u (unified atomic mass units)
atomic symbol | P atomic number | 15 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^23p^3 Aufbau diagram | 3p 3s block | p group | 15 period | 3 atomic mass | 30.973761998 u (unified atomic mass units)

Thermodynamic properties

phase at STP | solid | melting point | white phosphorus | 44.15 °C | red phosphorus | 579.2 °C | black phosphorus | 610 °C boiling point | white phosphorus | 280.5 °C critical temperature | white phosphorus | 994 K molar heat of fusion | white phosphorus | 0.659 kJ/mol | red phosphorus | 18.54 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | white phosphorus | 12.4 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 769.7 J/(kg K) (rank: 14th) | (properties at standard conditions)
phase at STP | solid | melting point | white phosphorus | 44.15 °C | red phosphorus | 579.2 °C | black phosphorus | 610 °C boiling point | white phosphorus | 280.5 °C critical temperature | white phosphorus | 994 K molar heat of fusion | white phosphorus | 0.659 kJ/mol | red phosphorus | 18.54 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | white phosphorus | 12.4 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 769.7 J/(kg K) (rank: 14th) | (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

density | white phosphorus | 1.823 g/cm^3 | red phosphorus | 2.16 g/cm^3 | black phosphorus | 2.69 g/cm^3 molar volume | 16.99 cm^3/mol | bulk modulus | 11 GPa (rank: 57th) | refractive index | 1.001212 | thermal conductivity | 0.236 W/(m K) (rank: 81st) | (properties at standard conditions)
density | white phosphorus | 1.823 g/cm^3 | red phosphorus | 2.16 g/cm^3 | black phosphorus | 2.69 g/cm^3 molar volume | 16.99 cm^3/mol | bulk modulus | 11 GPa (rank: 57th) | refractive index | 1.001212 | thermal conductivity | 0.236 W/(m K) (rank: 81st) | (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

electrical type | conductor resistivity | 1×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -2.06×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | -1.13×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -3.5×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) color | (colorless) refractive index | 1.001212
electrical type | conductor resistivity | 1×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -2.06×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | -1.13×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -3.5×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) color | (colorless) refractive index | 1.001212

Reactivity

valence | 5 electronegativity | 2.19 electron affinity | 72 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 1011.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1011.8 kJ/mol | 1907 kJ/mol | 2914.1 kJ/mol | 4963.6 kJ/mol | 6273.9 kJ/mol | 21267 kJ/mol | 25431 kJ/mol | 29872 kJ/mol | 35905 kJ/mol | 40950 kJ/mol
valence | 5 electronegativity | 2.19 electron affinity | 72 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 1011.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1011.8 kJ/mol | 1907 kJ/mol | 2914.1 kJ/mol | 4963.6 kJ/mol | 6273.9 kJ/mol | 21267 kJ/mol | 25431 kJ/mol | 29872 kJ/mol | 35905 kJ/mol | 40950 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

term symbol | ^4S_(3/2) atomic radius | 100 pm covalent radius | 107 pm van der Waals radius | 180 pm (electronic ground state properties)
term symbol | ^4S_(3/2) atomic radius | 100 pm covalent radius | 107 pm van der Waals radius | 180 pm (electronic ground state properties)
(neutral phosphorus atomic spectrum)
(neutral phosphorus atomic spectrum)

Abundances

universe abundance | 7×10^-4 mass% (rank: 18th) solar abundance | 7×10^-4 mass% (rank: 19th) meteorite abundance | 0.11 mass% (rank: 15th) crust abundance | 0.099 mass% (rank: 13th) ocean abundance | 7×10^-6 mass% (rank: 19th) human abundance | 1.1 mass% (rank: 6th) universe molar abundance | 3×10^-5 mol% (rank: 17th) solar molar abundance | 3×10^-5 mol% (rank: 17th) meteorite molar abundance | 0.07 mol% (rank: 15th) ocean molar abundance | 1.4×10^-6 mol% (rank: 28th) crust molar abundance | 0.07 mol% (rank: 12th) human molar abundance | 0.22 mol% (rank: 5th)
universe abundance | 7×10^-4 mass% (rank: 18th) solar abundance | 7×10^-4 mass% (rank: 19th) meteorite abundance | 0.11 mass% (rank: 15th) crust abundance | 0.099 mass% (rank: 13th) ocean abundance | 7×10^-6 mass% (rank: 19th) human abundance | 1.1 mass% (rank: 6th) universe molar abundance | 3×10^-5 mol% (rank: 17th) solar molar abundance | 3×10^-5 mol% (rank: 17th) meteorite molar abundance | 0.07 mol% (rank: 15th) ocean molar abundance | 1.4×10^-6 mol% (rank: 28th) crust molar abundance | 0.07 mol% (rank: 12th) human molar abundance | 0.22 mol% (rank: 5th)

Nuclear properties

half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | P-31 (100%) nuclear spin | P-24: 1^+ | P-25: 1/2^+ | P-26: 3^+ | P-27: 1/2^+ | P-28: 3^+ | P-29: 1/2^+ | P-30: 1^+ | P-31: 1/2^+ | P-32: 1^+ | P-33: 1/2^+ | P-34: 1^+ | P-35: 1/2^+ | P-36: 4^- | P-37: 1/2^+ | P-39: 1/2^+ | P-41: 1/2^+ | P-43: 1/2^+ | P-45: 1/2^+ unstable isotopes | P-33 (25.34 days) | P-32 (14.262 days) | P-30 (149.9 s) | P-35 (47.3 s) | P-34 (12.43 s) | P-36 (5.6 s) | P-29 (4.142 s) | P-37 (2.31 s) | P-38 (640 ms) | P-39 (280 ms) | P-28 (270.3 ms) | P-27 (260 ms) | P-40 (125 ms) | P-41 (100 ms) | P-42 (48.5 ms) | P-26 (43.7 ms) | P-43 (36.5 ms) | P-44 (18.5 ms) | P-46 (200 ns) | P-45 (200 ns) | P-25 (30 ns) neutron cross-section | 0.18 b neutron mass absorption | 2×10^-4 m^2/kg
half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | P-31 (100%) nuclear spin | P-24: 1^+ | P-25: 1/2^+ | P-26: 3^+ | P-27: 1/2^+ | P-28: 3^+ | P-29: 1/2^+ | P-30: 1^+ | P-31: 1/2^+ | P-32: 1^+ | P-33: 1/2^+ | P-34: 1^+ | P-35: 1/2^+ | P-36: 4^- | P-37: 1/2^+ | P-39: 1/2^+ | P-41: 1/2^+ | P-43: 1/2^+ | P-45: 1/2^+ unstable isotopes | P-33 (25.34 days) | P-32 (14.262 days) | P-30 (149.9 s) | P-35 (47.3 s) | P-34 (12.43 s) | P-36 (5.6 s) | P-29 (4.142 s) | P-37 (2.31 s) | P-38 (640 ms) | P-39 (280 ms) | P-28 (270.3 ms) | P-27 (260 ms) | P-40 (125 ms) | P-41 (100 ms) | P-42 (48.5 ms) | P-26 (43.7 ms) | P-43 (36.5 ms) | P-44 (18.5 ms) | P-46 (200 ns) | P-45 (200 ns) | P-25 (30 ns) neutron cross-section | 0.18 b neutron mass absorption | 2×10^-4 m^2/kg

Identifiers

CAS number | 7723-14-0
CAS number | 7723-14-0

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