Input interpretation
H_2 (hydrogen) + Fe_2O_3 (iron(III) oxide) ⟶ H_2O (water) + Fe (iron)
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: H_2 + Fe_2O_3 ⟶ H_2O + Fe Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 H_2 + c_2 Fe_2O_3 ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 Fe Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Fe and O: H: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_3 Fe: | 2 c_2 = c_4 O: | 3 c_2 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 3 c_4 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 3 H_2 + Fe_2O_3 ⟶ 3 H_2O + 2 Fe
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
hydrogen + iron(III) oxide ⟶ water + iron
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
ΔH_rxn^0 | -857.5 kJ/mol - -826 kJ/mol = -31.49 kJ/mol (exothermic)
Entropy
ΔS_rxn^0 | 263.7 J/(mol K) - 435 J/(mol K) = -171.3 J/(mol K) (exoentropic)
Units
Equilibrium constant
![K_c = ([H2O]^3 [Fe]^2)/([H2]^3 [Fe2O3])](../image_source/a43377daaa07662b1fef3295096c2fa7.png)
K_c = ([H2O]^3 [Fe]^2)/([H2]^3 [Fe2O3])
Rate of reaction
![rate = -1/3 (Δ[H2])/(Δt) = -(Δ[Fe2O3])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[Fe])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)](../image_source/2a0bf98718de2f2fc9f45f6a80d10d20.png)
rate = -1/3 (Δ[H2])/(Δt) = -(Δ[Fe2O3])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[Fe])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Chemical names and formulas
| hydrogen | iron(III) oxide | water | iron formula | H_2 | Fe_2O_3 | H_2O | Fe name | hydrogen | iron(III) oxide | water | iron IUPAC name | molecular hydrogen | | water | iron
Substance properties
| hydrogen | iron(III) oxide | water | iron molar mass | 2.016 g/mol | 159.69 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 55.845 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -259.2 °C | 1565 °C | 0 °C | 1535 °C boiling point | -252.8 °C | | 99.9839 °C | 2750 °C density | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 5.26 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | 7.874 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | insoluble | | insoluble surface tension | | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 8.9×10^-6 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | odorless | odorless | odorless |
Units
