mass fractions of perrhenic acid

perrhenic acid | elemental composition

Find the elemental composition for perrhenic acid in terms of the atom and mass percents: atom percent = N_i/N_atoms × 100% mass percent = (N_im_i)/m × 100% Plan: • Write the chemical formula and gather atomic masses from the periodic table. • Determine values for N_i, m_i, N_atoms and m using these items. • Finally, compute the percents and check the results. Write the chemical formula: HReO_4 Use the chemical formula to count the number of atoms, N_i, for each element and find the total number of atoms, N_atoms, per molecule: | number of atoms H (hydrogen) | 1 O (oxygen) | 4 Re (rhenium) | 1 N_atoms = 1 + 4 + 1 = 6 Divide each N_i by N_atoms to calculate atom fractions. Then use the property that atom fractions must sum to one to check the work: | number of atoms | atom fraction H (hydrogen) | 1 | 1/6 O (oxygen) | 4 | 4/6 Re (rhenium) | 1 | 1/6 Check: 1/6 + 4/6 + 1/6 = 1 Compute atom percents using the atom fractions: | number of atoms | atom percent H (hydrogen) | 1 | 1/6 × 100% = 16.7% O (oxygen) | 4 | 4/6 × 100% = 66.7% Re (rhenium) | 1 | 1/6 × 100% = 16.7% Look up the atomic mass, m_i, in unified atomic mass units, u, for each element in the periodic table: | number of atoms | atom percent | atomic mass/u H (hydrogen) | 1 | 16.7% | 1.008 O (oxygen) | 4 | 66.7% | 15.999 Re (rhenium) | 1 | 16.7% | 186.207 Multiply N_i by m_i to compute the mass for each element. Then sum those values to compute the molecular mass, m: | number of atoms | atom percent | atomic mass/u | mass/u H (hydrogen) | 1 | 16.7% | 1.008 | 1 × 1.008 = 1.008 O (oxygen) | 4 | 66.7% | 15.999 | 4 × 15.999 = 63.996 Re (rhenium) | 1 | 16.7% | 186.207 | 1 × 186.207 = 186.207 m = 1.008 u + 63.996 u + 186.207 u = 251.211 u Divide the mass for each element by m to calculate mass fractions. Then use the property that mass fractions must sum to one to check the work: | number of atoms | atom percent | mass fraction H (hydrogen) | 1 | 16.7% | 1.008/251.211 O (oxygen) | 4 | 66.7% | 63.996/251.211 Re (rhenium) | 1 | 16.7% | 186.207/251.211 Check: 1.008/251.211 + 63.996/251.211 + 186.207/251.211 = 1 Compute mass percents using the mass fractions: Answer: | | | number of atoms | atom percent | mass percent H (hydrogen) | 1 | 16.7% | 1.008/251.211 × 100% = 0.4013% O (oxygen) | 4 | 66.7% | 63.996/251.211 × 100% = 25.47% Re (rhenium) | 1 | 16.7% | 186.207/251.211 × 100% = 74.12%

Mass fraction pie chart