lithium, potassium, aluminum

lithium (chemical element) | potassium (chemical element) | aluminum (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| lithium | potassium | aluminum atomic symbol | Li | K | Al atomic number | 3 | 19 | 13 short electronic configuration | [He]2s^1 | [Ar]4s^1 | [Ne]3s^23p^1 Aufbau diagram | 2s | 4s | 3p 3s block | s | s | p group | 1 | 1 | 13 period | 2 | 4 | 3 atomic mass | 6.94 u | 39.0983 u | 26.9815385 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

| lithium | potassium | aluminum phase at STP | solid | solid | solid melting point | 180.54 °C | 63.38 °C | 660.32 °C boiling point | 1342 °C | 759 °C | 2519 °C critical temperature | 3223 K | 2223 K | critical pressure | 67 MPa | 16 MPa | molar heat of fusion | 3 kJ/mol | 2.33 kJ/mol | 10.7 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 147 kJ/mol | 76.9 kJ/mol | 293 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 3570 J/(kg K) | 757 J/(kg K) | 904 J/(kg K) (properties at standard conditions)

| lithium | potassium | aluminum density | 0.535 g/cm^3 | 0.856 g/cm^3 | 2.7 g/cm^3 liquid density | 0.512 g/cm^3 | 0.828 g/cm^3 | 2.375 g/cm^3 molar volume | 13 cm^3/mol | 45.7 cm^3/mol | 10 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 0.6 (between talc and gypsum) | 0.4 (between talc and gypsum) | 2.75 (between calcite and gypsum) Vickers hardness | | | 167 MPa Brinell hardness | | 0.363 MPa | 245 MPa bulk modulus | 11 GPa | 3.1 GPa | 76 GPa shear modulus | 4.2 GPa | 1.3 GPa | 26 GPa Young's modulus | 4.9 GPa | | 70 GPa Poisson ratio | | | 0.35 ultimate tensile strength | 15 MPa | | sound speed | 6000 m/s | 2000 m/s | 5100 m/s thermal expansion | 4.6×10^-5 K^(-1) | | 2.31×10^-5 K^(-1) thermal conductivity | 85 W/(m K) | 100 W/(m K) | 235 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

| lithium | potassium | aluminum electrical type | conductor | conductor | conductor resistivity | 9.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | 7×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | 2.6×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | 1.4×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | 3.8×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic | paramagnetic | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 1.37×10^-5 | 5.74×10^-6 | 2.11×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | 2.56×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 6.7×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 7.8×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.78×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 2.62×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 2.1×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 2.93 eV (Polycrystalline) | 2.29 eV (Polycrystalline) | (4.06 to 4.26) eV threshold frequency | 7.085×10^14 Hz (hertz) | 5.537×10^14 Hz (hertz) | (9.817×10^14 to 1.03×10^15) Hz (hertz) superconducting point | | | 1.175 K (kelvins) color | (silver) | (silver) | (silver)

| lithium | potassium | aluminum valence | 1 | 1 | 3 electronegativity | 0.98 | 0.82 | 1.61 electron affinity | 59.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 48.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 42.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 520.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 418.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 577.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 520.2 kJ/mol | 7298.1 kJ/mol | 11815 kJ/mol | 418.8 kJ/mol | 3052 kJ/mol | 4420 kJ/mol | 5877 kJ/mol | 7975 kJ/mol | 9590 kJ/mol | 11343 kJ/mol | 14944 kJ/mol | 16963.7 kJ/mol | 48610 kJ/mol | 577.5 kJ/mol | 1816.7 kJ/mol | 2744.8 kJ/mol | 11577 kJ/mol | 14842 kJ/mol | 18379 kJ/mol | 23326 kJ/mol | 27465 kJ/mol | 31853 kJ/mol | 38473 kJ/mol

Reactivity

| lithium | potassium | aluminum term symbol | ^2S_(1/2) | ^2S_(1/2) | ^2P_(1/2) atomic radius | 145 pm | 220 pm | 125 pm covalent radius | 128 pm | 203 pm | 121 pm van der Waals radius | 182 pm | 275 pm | (electronic ground state properties)

| lithium | potassium | aluminum universe abundance | 6×10^-7 mass% | 3×10^-4 mass% | 0.005 mass% solar abundance | 6×10^-9 mass% | 4×10^-4 mass% | 0.006 mass% meteorite abundance | 1.7×10^-4 mass% | 0.07 mass% | 0.91 mass% crust abundance | 0.0017 mass% | 1.5 mass% | 8.1 mass% ocean abundance | 1.8×10^-5 mass% | 0.042 mass% | 5×10^-7 mass% human abundance | 3×10^-6 mass% | 0.2 mass% | 9×10^-5 mass% universe molar abundance | 1×10^-7 mol% | 1×10^-5 mol% | 2×10^-4 mol% solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-10 mol% | 9.9×10^-6 mol% | 3×10^-4 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 4.6×10^-4 mol% | 0.037 mol% | 0.67 mol% ocean molar abundance | 1.6×10^-5 mol% | 0.0066 mol% | 1.1×10^-7 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.005 mol% | 0.78 mol% | 6.3 mol% human molar abundance | 2.7×10^-6 mol% | 0.032 mol% | 2.1×10^-5 mol%