Input interpretation
chlorine + silver nitrate ⟶ oxygen + silver chloride + dinitrogen pentoxide
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, Ag, N and O: Cl: | 2 c_1 = c_4 Ag: | c_2 = c_4 N: | c_2 = 2 c_5 O: | 3 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 5 c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 4 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 4 c_5 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + 4 ⟶ + 4 + 2
Structures
+ ⟶ + +
Names
chlorine + silver nitrate ⟶ oxygen + silver chloride + dinitrogen pentoxide
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| chlorine | silver nitrate | oxygen | silver chloride | dinitrogen pentoxide molecular enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | -124.4 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -127 kJ/mol | -43.1 kJ/mol total enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | -497.6 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -508 kJ/mol | -86.2 kJ/mol | H_initial = -497.6 kJ/mol | | H_final = -594.2 kJ/mol | | ΔH_rxn^0 | -594.2 kJ/mol - -497.6 kJ/mol = -96.6 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | |
Gibbs free energy
| chlorine | silver nitrate | oxygen | silver chloride | dinitrogen pentoxide molecular free energy | 0 kJ/mol | -33.4 kJ/mol | 231.7 kJ/mol | -109.8 kJ/mol | 113.9 kJ/mol total free energy | 0 kJ/mol | -133.6 kJ/mol | 231.7 kJ/mol | -439.2 kJ/mol | 227.8 kJ/mol | G_initial = -133.6 kJ/mol | | G_final = 20.3 kJ/mol | | ΔG_rxn^0 | 20.3 kJ/mol - -133.6 kJ/mol = 153.9 kJ/mol (endergonic) | | | |
Entropy
| chlorine | silver nitrate | oxygen | silver chloride | dinitrogen pentoxide molecular entropy | 223 J/(mol K) | 140.9 J/(mol K) | 205 J/(mol K) | 96.3 J/(mol K) | 178 J/(mol K) total entropy | 446 J/(mol K) | 563.6 J/(mol K) | 205 J/(mol K) | 385.2 J/(mol K) | 356 J/(mol K) | S_initial = 1010 J/(mol K) | | S_final = 946.2 J/(mol K) | | ΔS_rxn^0 | 946.2 J/(mol K) - 1010 J/(mol K) = -63.4 J/(mol K) (exoentropic) | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| chlorine | silver nitrate | oxygen | silver chloride | dinitrogen pentoxide Hill formula | Cl_2 | AgNO_3 | O_2 | AgCl | N_2O_5 name | chlorine | silver nitrate | oxygen | silver chloride | dinitrogen pentoxide IUPAC name | molecular chlorine | silver nitrate | molecular oxygen | chlorosilver | nitro nitrate
Substance properties
| chlorine | silver nitrate | oxygen | silver chloride | dinitrogen pentoxide molar mass | 70.9 g/mol | 169.87 g/mol | 31.998 g/mol | 143.32 g/mol | 108.01 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -101 °C | 212 °C | -218 °C | 455 °C | 30 °C boiling point | -34 °C | | -183 °C | 1554 °C | 47 °C density | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 5.56 g/cm^3 | 2.05 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | soluble | | | surface tension | | | 0.01347 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | | | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | odor | | odorless | odorless | |
Units
