H2SO4 + NaCl + MnO2 = H2O + Cl2 + MnSO4 + NaHSO4

H_2SO_4 (sulfuric acid) + NaCl (sodium chloride) + MnO_2 (manganese dioxide) ⟶ H_2O (water) + Cl_2 (chlorine) + MnSO_4 (manganese(II) sulfate) + NaHSO_4 (sodium bisulfate)

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: H_2SO_4 + NaCl + MnO_2 ⟶ H_2O + Cl_2 + MnSO_4 + NaHSO_4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 H_2SO_4 + c_2 NaCl + c_3 MnO_2 ⟶ c_4 H_2O + c_5 Cl_2 + c_6 MnSO_4 + c_7 NaHSO_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, S, Cl, Na and Mn: H: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_4 + c_7 O: | 4 c_1 + 2 c_3 = c_4 + 4 c_6 + 4 c_7 S: | c_1 = c_6 + c_7 Cl: | c_2 = 2 c_5 Na: | c_2 = c_7 Mn: | c_3 = c_6 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 1 c_6 = 1 c_7 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 3 H_2SO_4 + 2 NaCl + MnO_2 ⟶ 2 H_2O + Cl_2 + MnSO_4 + 2 NaHSO_4

+ + ⟶ + + +

sulfuric acid + sodium chloride + manganese dioxide ⟶ water + chlorine + manganese(II) sulfate + sodium bisulfate

K_c = ([H2O]^2 [Cl2] [MnSO4] [NaHSO4]^2)/([H2SO4]^3 [NaCl]^2 [MnO2])

rate = -1/3 (Δ[H2SO4])/(Δt) = -1/2 (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) = -(Δ[MnO2])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = (Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) = (Δ[MnSO4])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[NaHSO4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| sulfuric acid | sodium chloride | manganese dioxide | water | chlorine | manganese(II) sulfate | sodium bisulfate formula | H_2SO_4 | NaCl | MnO_2 | H_2O | Cl_2 | MnSO_4 | NaHSO_4 Hill formula | H_2O_4S | ClNa | MnO_2 | H_2O | Cl_2 | MnSO_4 | HNaO_4S name | sulfuric acid | sodium chloride | manganese dioxide | water | chlorine | manganese(II) sulfate | sodium bisulfate IUPAC name | sulfuric acid | sodium chloride | dioxomanganese | water | molecular chlorine | manganese(+2) cation sulfate |

| sulfuric acid | sodium chloride | manganese dioxide | water | chlorine | manganese(II) sulfate | sodium bisulfate molar mass | 98.07 g/mol | 58.44 g/mol | 86.936 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 70.9 g/mol | 150.99 g/mol | 120.1 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 10.371 °C | 801 °C | 535 °C | 0 °C | -101 °C | 710 °C | 181.85 °C boiling point | 279.6 °C | 1413 °C | | 99.9839 °C | -34 °C | | density | 1.8305 g/cm^3 | 2.16 g/cm^3 | 5.03 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 3.25 g/cm^3 | 1.8 g/cm^3 solubility in water | very soluble | soluble | insoluble | | | soluble | surface tension | 0.0735 N/m | | | 0.0728 N/m | | | dynamic viscosity | 0.021 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | | odor | odorless | odorless | | odorless | | |