group 3 elements

group 3 elements

scandium | yttrium | lutetium | lawrencium

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration scandium | Sc | 21 | [Ar]4s^23d^1 yttrium | Y | 39 | [Kr]5s^24d^1 lutetium | Lu | 71 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^1 lawrencium | Lr | 103 | [Rn]7s^25f^147p^1 | Aufbau diagram | block | group scandium | 3d 4s | d | 3 yttrium | 4d 5s | d | 3 lutetium | 5d 4f 6s | d | 3 lawrencium | 7p 5f 7s | d | 3 | period | atomic mass | half-life scandium | 4 | 44.955908 u | (stable) yttrium | 5 | 88.90584 u | (stable) lutetium | 6 | 174.9668 u | (stable) lawrencium | 7 | 262 u | 10 h

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 1584 °C | highest | 1663 °C (lutetium) | lowest | 1526 °C (yttrium) | distribution | boiling point | median | 3345 °C | highest | 3402 °C (lutetium) | lowest | 2830 °C (scandium) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 16 kJ/mol | highest | 22 kJ/mol (lutetium) | lowest | 11.4 kJ/mol (yttrium) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 380 kJ/mol | highest | 415 kJ/mol (lutetium) | lowest | 318 kJ/mol (scandium) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 298 J/(kg K) | highest | 567 J/(kg K) (scandium) | lowest | 154 J/(kg K) (lutetium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 4.472 g/cm^3 | highest | 9.841 g/cm^3 (lutetium) | lowest | 2.985 g/cm^3 (scandium) liquid density | median | 4.24 g/cm^3 | highest | 9.3 g/cm^3 (lutetium) | lowest | 2.8 g/cm^3 (scandium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 17.78 cm^3/mol | highest | 19.88 cm^3/mol (yttrium) | lowest | 15.06 cm^3/mol (scandium) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 1160 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 589 MPa | 750 MPa | 893 MPa bulk modulus | median | 48 GPa | highest | 57 GPa (scandium) | lowest | 41 GPa (yttrium) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 27 GPa | highest | 29 GPa (scandium) | lowest | 26 GPa (yttrium) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 69 GPa | highest | 74 GPa (scandium) | lowest | 64 GPa (yttrium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.28 tensile yield strength | median | 67 MPa | highest | 173 MPa (scandium) | lowest | 60 MPa (lutetium) ultimate tensile strength | all | 140 MPa | 150 MPa | 255 MPa thermal expansion | median | 1.02×10^-5 K^(-1) | highest | 1.06×10^-5 K^(-1) (yttrium) | lowest | 9.9×10^-6 K^(-1) (lutetium) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 16 W/(m K) | highest | 17 W/(m K) (yttrium) | lowest | 16 W/(m K) (scandium and lutetium) (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 5.6×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 5.6×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (yttrium and lutetium) | lowest | 5.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (scandium) electrical conductivity | median | 1.8×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 1.8×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (3 elements) | lowest | 1.8×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (3 elements) volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 2.627×10^-4 | highest | 2.978×10^-4 (yttrium) | lowest | 1.18×10^-5 (lutetium) mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 6.66×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 8.8×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (scandium) | lowest | 1.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (lutetium) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 3.956×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 5.921×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (yttrium) | lowest | 2.1×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (lutetium) | distribution | work function | all | 3.1 eV | 3.3 eV | 3.5 eV superconducting point | median | 0.1 K (kelvins) | highest | 1.3 K (kelvins) (yttrium) | lowest | 0.05 K (kelvins) (scandium)

valence | median | 3 | highest | 3 (4 elements) | lowest | 3 (4 elements) electronegativity | median | 1.27 | highest | 1.36 (scandium) | lowest | 1.22 (yttrium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 29.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (lutetium) | lowest | 18.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (scandium) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 600 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 633.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (scandium) | lowest | 523.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (lutetium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^2D_(3/2) | ^2P_(1/2) atomic radius | median | 175 pm | highest | 180 pm (yttrium) | lowest | 160 pm (scandium) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 187 pm | highest | 190 pm (yttrium) | lowest | 170 pm (scandium) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 7×10^-7 mass% | highest | 3×10^-6 mass% (scandium) | lowest | 1×10^-8 mass% (lutetium) solar abundance | median | 5.5×10^-7 mass% | highest | 4×10^-6 mass% (scandium) | lowest | 0 mass% (lawrencium) meteorite abundance | median | 9.6×10^-5 mass% | highest | 6.4×10^-4 mass% (scandium) | lowest | 0 mass% (lawrencium) crust abundance | median | 0.0013 mass% | highest | 0.0029 mass% (yttrium) | lowest | 0 mass% (lawrencium) ocean abundance | median | 8.2×10^-11 mass% | highest | 1.3×10^-9 mass% (yttrium) | lowest | 0 mass% (lawrencium) universe molar abundance | median | 1×10^-8 mol% | highest | 1×10^-7 mol% (scandium) | lowest | 1×10^-10 mol% (lutetium) solar molar abundance | median | 5.4×10^-9 mol% | highest | 9.9×10^-8 mol% (scandium) | lowest | 0 mol% (lawrencium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 2.2×10^-5 mol% | highest | 2.9×10^-4 mol% (scandium) | lowest | 0 mol% (lawrencium) ocean molar abundance | median | 5.6×10^-11 mol% | highest | 5×10^-6 mol% (lutetium) | lowest | 0 mol% (lawrencium) crust molar abundance | median | 3.4×10^-4 mol% | highest | 0.0012 mol% (scandium) | lowest | 0 mol% (lawrencium) | distribution |