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Na2C2O4 + Ca5(PO4)3(OH) = NaOH + Na3PO4 + CaC2O4

Input interpretation

Na_2C_2O_4 sodium oxalate + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 hydroxyapatite ⟶ NaOH sodium hydroxide + Na_3PO_4 trisodium phosphate + CaC_2O_4 calcium oxalate
Na_2C_2O_4 sodium oxalate + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 hydroxyapatite ⟶ NaOH sodium hydroxide + Na_3PO_4 trisodium phosphate + CaC_2O_4 calcium oxalate

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + Na_3PO_4 + CaC_2O_4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Na_2C_2O_4 + c_2 Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ c_3 NaOH + c_4 Na_3PO_4 + c_5 CaC_2O_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for C, Na, O, Ca, H and P: C: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_5 Na: | 2 c_1 = c_3 + 3 c_4 O: | 4 c_1 + 13 c_2 = c_3 + 4 c_4 + 4 c_5 Ca: | 5 c_2 = c_5 H: | c_2 = c_3 P: | 3 c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 5 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 3 c_5 = 5 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 5 Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + 3 Na_3PO_4 + 5 CaC_2O_4
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + Na_3PO_4 + CaC_2O_4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Na_2C_2O_4 + c_2 Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ c_3 NaOH + c_4 Na_3PO_4 + c_5 CaC_2O_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for C, Na, O, Ca, H and P: C: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_5 Na: | 2 c_1 = c_3 + 3 c_4 O: | 4 c_1 + 13 c_2 = c_3 + 4 c_4 + 4 c_5 Ca: | 5 c_2 = c_5 H: | c_2 = c_3 P: | 3 c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 5 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 3 c_5 = 5 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 5 Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + 3 Na_3PO_4 + 5 CaC_2O_4

Structures

+ ⟶ + +
+ ⟶ + +

Names

sodium oxalate + hydroxyapatite ⟶ sodium hydroxide + trisodium phosphate + calcium oxalate
sodium oxalate + hydroxyapatite ⟶ sodium hydroxide + trisodium phosphate + calcium oxalate

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + Na_3PO_4 + CaC_2O_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 5 Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + 3 Na_3PO_4 + 5 CaC_2O_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Na_2C_2O_4 | 5 | -5 Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | 1 | -1 NaOH | 1 | 1 Na_3PO_4 | 3 | 3 CaC_2O_4 | 5 | 5 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Na_2C_2O_4 | 5 | -5 | ([Na2C2O4])^(-5) Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | 1 | -1 | ([Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])^(-1) NaOH | 1 | 1 | [NaOH] Na_3PO_4 | 3 | 3 | ([Na3PO4])^3 CaC_2O_4 | 5 | 5 | ([CaC2O4])^5 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Na2C2O4])^(-5) ([Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])^(-1) [NaOH] ([Na3PO4])^3 ([CaC2O4])^5 = ([NaOH] ([Na3PO4])^3 ([CaC2O4])^5)/(([Na2C2O4])^5 [Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + Na_3PO_4 + CaC_2O_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 5 Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + 3 Na_3PO_4 + 5 CaC_2O_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Na_2C_2O_4 | 5 | -5 Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | 1 | -1 NaOH | 1 | 1 Na_3PO_4 | 3 | 3 CaC_2O_4 | 5 | 5 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Na_2C_2O_4 | 5 | -5 | ([Na2C2O4])^(-5) Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | 1 | -1 | ([Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])^(-1) NaOH | 1 | 1 | [NaOH] Na_3PO_4 | 3 | 3 | ([Na3PO4])^3 CaC_2O_4 | 5 | 5 | ([CaC2O4])^5 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Na2C2O4])^(-5) ([Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])^(-1) [NaOH] ([Na3PO4])^3 ([CaC2O4])^5 = ([NaOH] ([Na3PO4])^3 ([CaC2O4])^5)/(([Na2C2O4])^5 [Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + Na_3PO_4 + CaC_2O_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 5 Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + 3 Na_3PO_4 + 5 CaC_2O_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Na_2C_2O_4 | 5 | -5 Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | 1 | -1 NaOH | 1 | 1 Na_3PO_4 | 3 | 3 CaC_2O_4 | 5 | 5 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Na_2C_2O_4 | 5 | -5 | -1/5 (Δ[Na2C2O4])/(Δt) Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])/(Δt) NaOH | 1 | 1 | (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) Na_3PO_4 | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[Na3PO4])/(Δt) CaC_2O_4 | 5 | 5 | 1/5 (Δ[CaC2O4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/5 (Δ[Na2C2O4])/(Δt) = -(Δ[Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])/(Δt) = (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[Na3PO4])/(Δt) = 1/5 (Δ[CaC2O4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + Na_3PO_4 + CaC_2O_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 5 Na_2C_2O_4 + Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 ⟶ NaOH + 3 Na_3PO_4 + 5 CaC_2O_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Na_2C_2O_4 | 5 | -5 Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | 1 | -1 NaOH | 1 | 1 Na_3PO_4 | 3 | 3 CaC_2O_4 | 5 | 5 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Na_2C_2O_4 | 5 | -5 | -1/5 (Δ[Na2C2O4])/(Δt) Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])/(Δt) NaOH | 1 | 1 | (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) Na_3PO_4 | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[Na3PO4])/(Δt) CaC_2O_4 | 5 | 5 | 1/5 (Δ[CaC2O4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/5 (Δ[Na2C2O4])/(Δt) = -(Δ[Ca5(OH)(PO4)3])/(Δt) = (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[Na3PO4])/(Δt) = 1/5 (Δ[CaC2O4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| sodium oxalate | hydroxyapatite | sodium hydroxide | trisodium phosphate | calcium oxalate formula | Na_2C_2O_4 | Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | NaOH | Na_3PO_4 | CaC_2O_4 Hill formula | Na_2C_2O_4 | Ca_5HO_13P_3 | HNaO | Na_3O_4P | C_2CaO_4 name | sodium oxalate | hydroxyapatite | sodium hydroxide | trisodium phosphate | calcium oxalate IUPAC name | disodium oxalate | pentacalcium hydroxide triphosphate | sodium hydroxide | trisodium phosphate | calcium oxalate
| sodium oxalate | hydroxyapatite | sodium hydroxide | trisodium phosphate | calcium oxalate formula | Na_2C_2O_4 | Ca_5(OH)(PO_4)_3 | NaOH | Na_3PO_4 | CaC_2O_4 Hill formula | Na_2C_2O_4 | Ca_5HO_13P_3 | HNaO | Na_3O_4P | C_2CaO_4 name | sodium oxalate | hydroxyapatite | sodium hydroxide | trisodium phosphate | calcium oxalate IUPAC name | disodium oxalate | pentacalcium hydroxide triphosphate | sodium hydroxide | trisodium phosphate | calcium oxalate

Substance properties

| sodium oxalate | hydroxyapatite | sodium hydroxide | trisodium phosphate | calcium oxalate molar mass | 134 g/mol | 502.31 g/mol | 39.997 g/mol | 163.94 g/mol | 128.1 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | melting point | 260 °C | 1100 °C | 323 °C | 75 °C | boiling point | | | 1390 °C | | density | 2.27 g/cm^3 | | 2.13 g/cm^3 | 2.536 g/cm^3 | 2.2 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | | soluble | soluble | surface tension | | | 0.07435 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | | | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) | | odor | | | | odorless |
| sodium oxalate | hydroxyapatite | sodium hydroxide | trisodium phosphate | calcium oxalate molar mass | 134 g/mol | 502.31 g/mol | 39.997 g/mol | 163.94 g/mol | 128.1 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | melting point | 260 °C | 1100 °C | 323 °C | 75 °C | boiling point | | | 1390 °C | | density | 2.27 g/cm^3 | | 2.13 g/cm^3 | 2.536 g/cm^3 | 2.2 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | | soluble | soluble | surface tension | | | 0.07435 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | | | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) | | odor | | | | odorless |

Units

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