O2 + CoS2 = SO2 + Co2O3

O_2 oxygen + CoS_2 cobalt disulfide ⟶ SO_2 sulfur dioxide + O_3Co_2 cobalt(III) oxide

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: O_2 + CoS_2 ⟶ SO_2 + O_3Co_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 O_2 + c_2 CoS_2 ⟶ c_3 SO_2 + c_4 O_3Co_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for O, Co and S: O: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_3 + 3 c_4 Co: | c_2 = 2 c_4 S: | 2 c_2 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_4 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 11/2 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 4 c_4 = 1 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 11 c_2 = 4 c_3 = 8 c_4 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 11 O_2 + 4 CoS_2 ⟶ 8 SO_2 + 2 O_3Co_2

+ ⟶ +

oxygen + cobalt disulfide ⟶ sulfur dioxide + cobalt(III) oxide

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: O_2 + CoS_2 ⟶ SO_2 + O_3Co_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 11 O_2 + 4 CoS_2 ⟶ 8 SO_2 + 2 O_3Co_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i O_2 | 11 | -11 CoS_2 | 4 | -4 SO_2 | 8 | 8 O_3Co_2 | 2 | 2 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression O_2 | 11 | -11 | ([O2])^(-11) CoS_2 | 4 | -4 | ([CoS2])^(-4) SO_2 | 8 | 8 | ([SO2])^8 O_3Co_2 | 2 | 2 | ([O3Co2])^2 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([O2])^(-11) ([CoS2])^(-4) ([SO2])^8 ([O3Co2])^2 = (([SO2])^8 ([O3Co2])^2)/(([O2])^11 ([CoS2])^4)

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: O_2 + CoS_2 ⟶ SO_2 + O_3Co_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 11 O_2 + 4 CoS_2 ⟶ 8 SO_2 + 2 O_3Co_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i O_2 | 11 | -11 CoS_2 | 4 | -4 SO_2 | 8 | 8 O_3Co_2 | 2 | 2 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term O_2 | 11 | -11 | -1/11 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) CoS_2 | 4 | -4 | -1/4 (Δ[CoS2])/(Δt) SO_2 | 8 | 8 | 1/8 (Δ[SO2])/(Δt) O_3Co_2 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[O3Co2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/11 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) = -1/4 (Δ[CoS2])/(Δt) = 1/8 (Δ[SO2])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[O3Co2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| oxygen | cobalt disulfide | sulfur dioxide | cobalt(III) oxide formula | O_2 | CoS_2 | SO_2 | O_3Co_2 Hill formula | O_2 | CoS_2 | O_2S | Co_2O_3 name | oxygen | cobalt disulfide | sulfur dioxide | cobalt(III) oxide IUPAC name | molecular oxygen | | sulfur dioxide | oxo(oxocobaltiooxy)cobalt

| oxygen | cobalt disulfide | sulfur dioxide | cobalt(III) oxide molar mass | 31.998 g/mol | 123.1 g/mol | 64.06 g/mol | 165.863 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | | gas (at STP) | melting point | -218 °C | | -73 °C | boiling point | -183 °C | | -10 °C | density | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 4.3 g/cm^3 | 0.002619 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | surface tension | 0.01347 N/m | | 0.02859 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 1.282×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | odorless | | |