H2O + AgF2 = O2 + HF + AgF

H_2O water + AgF_2 silver difluoride ⟶ O_2 oxygen + HF hydrogen fluoride + AgF silver fluoride

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: H_2O + AgF_2 ⟶ O_2 + HF + AgF Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 H_2O + c_2 AgF_2 ⟶ c_3 O_2 + c_4 HF + c_5 AgF Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, Ag and F: H: | 2 c_1 = c_4 O: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Ag: | c_2 = c_5 F: | 2 c_2 = c_4 + c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 4 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 4 c_5 = 4 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 H_2O + 4 AgF_2 ⟶ O_2 + 4 HF + 4 AgF

+ ⟶ + +

water + silver difluoride ⟶ oxygen + hydrogen fluoride + silver fluoride

| water | silver difluoride | oxygen | hydrogen fluoride | silver fluoride molecular enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | -360 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -273.3 kJ/mol | -204.6 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -571.7 kJ/mol | -1440 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -1093 kJ/mol | -818.4 kJ/mol | H_initial = -2012 kJ/mol | | H_final = -1912 kJ/mol | | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1912 kJ/mol - -2012 kJ/mol = 100.1 kJ/mol (endothermic) | | | |

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: H_2O + AgF_2 ⟶ O_2 + HF + AgF Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 H_2O + 4 AgF_2 ⟶ O_2 + 4 HF + 4 AgF Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 2 | -2 AgF_2 | 4 | -4 O_2 | 1 | 1 HF | 4 | 4 AgF | 4 | 4 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression H_2O | 2 | -2 | ([H2O])^(-2) AgF_2 | 4 | -4 | ([AgF2])^(-4) O_2 | 1 | 1 | [O2] HF | 4 | 4 | ([HF])^4 AgF | 4 | 4 | ([AgF])^4 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([H2O])^(-2) ([AgF2])^(-4) [O2] ([HF])^4 ([AgF])^4 = ([O2] ([HF])^4 ([AgF])^4)/(([H2O])^2 ([AgF2])^4)

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: H_2O + AgF_2 ⟶ O_2 + HF + AgF Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 H_2O + 4 AgF_2 ⟶ O_2 + 4 HF + 4 AgF Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 2 | -2 AgF_2 | 4 | -4 O_2 | 1 | 1 HF | 4 | 4 AgF | 4 | 4 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term H_2O | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) AgF_2 | 4 | -4 | -1/4 (Δ[AgF2])/(Δt) O_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[O2])/(Δt) HF | 4 | 4 | 1/4 (Δ[HF])/(Δt) AgF | 4 | 4 | 1/4 (Δ[AgF])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = -1/4 (Δ[AgF2])/(Δt) = (Δ[O2])/(Δt) = 1/4 (Δ[HF])/(Δt) = 1/4 (Δ[AgF])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| water | silver difluoride | oxygen | hydrogen fluoride | silver fluoride formula | H_2O | AgF_2 | O_2 | HF | AgF Hill formula | H_2O | AgF_2 | O_2 | FH | AgF name | water | silver difluoride | oxygen | hydrogen fluoride | silver fluoride IUPAC name | water | difluorosilver | molecular oxygen | hydrogen fluoride | fluorosilver

| water | silver difluoride | oxygen | hydrogen fluoride | silver fluoride molar mass | 18.015 g/mol | 145.865 g/mol | 31.998 g/mol | 20.006 g/mol | 126.8666 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 0 °C | 690 °C | -218 °C | -83.36 °C | 300 °C boiling point | 99.9839 °C | | -183 °C | 19.5 °C | 1150 °C density | 1 g/cm^3 | 4.57 g/cm^3 | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 8.18×10^-4 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 5.852 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | | | miscible | surface tension | 0.0728 N/m | | 0.01347 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 1.2571×10^-5 Pa s (at 20 °C) | odor | odorless | | odorless | |