Input interpretation
monofluorophosphoric acid
Chemical names and formulas
formula | FP(O)(OH)_2 Hill formula | FH_2O_3P name | monofluorophosphoric acid IUPAC name | fluorophosphonic acid alternate names | fluorophosphonic acid | fluorophosphoric acid | fluorophosphoric acid, anhydrous | fluorophosphoric acid (h2PO3F) | phosphorofluoridic acid mass fractions | F (fluorine) 19% | H (hydrogen) 2.02% | O (oxygen) 48% | P (phosphorus) 31%
Lewis structure
Draw the Lewis structure of monofluorophosphoric acid. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule, ignoring potential double and triple bonds: Count the total valence electrons of the fluorine (n_F, val = 7), hydrogen (n_H, val = 1), oxygen (n_O, val = 6), and phosphorus (n_P, val = 5) atoms: n_F, val + 2 n_H, val + 3 n_O, val + n_P, val = 32 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for fluorine (n_F, full = 8), hydrogen (n_H, full = 2), oxygen (n_O, full = 8), and phosphorus (n_P, full = 8): n_F, full + 2 n_H, full + 3 n_O, full + n_P, full = 44 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 44 - 32 = 12 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so we expect that the above diagram has all the necessary bonds. However, to minimize formal charge oxygen wants 2 bonds. Identify the atom that wants additional bonds and the number of electrons remaining on each atom: In order to minimize their formal charge, atoms with large electronegativities can force atoms with smaller electronegativities on period 3 or higher to expand their valence shells. The electronegativities of the atoms are 2.19 (phosphorus), 2.20 (hydrogen), 3.44 (oxygen), and 3.98 (fluorine). Because the electronegativity of phosphorus is smaller than the electronegativity of oxygen, expand the valence shell of phosphorus to 5 bonds. Therefore we add a total of 1 bond to the diagram: Answer: | |
3D structure
3D structure
Basic properties
molar mass | 99.985 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -30 °C density | 1.83 g/cm^3 solubility in water | very soluble
Units
Liquid properties (at STP)
density | 1.83 g/cm^3
Units
Chemical identifiers
CAS number | 13537-32-1 PubChem CID number | 24267 PubChem SID number | 24859463 SMILES identifier | OP(=O)(O)F InChI identifier | InChI=1/FH2O3P/c1-5(2, 3)4/h(H2, 2, 3, 4)/f/h2-3H RTECS number | TE5000000 MDL number | MFCD00011334
NFPA label
NFPA label
NFPA health rating | 3 NFPA fire rating | 0 NFPA reactivity rating | 0
Toxicity properties
RTECS classes | other