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CH3COH + [Ag(NH3)2]OH = H2O + NH3 + Ag + CH3COOH

Input interpretation

CH_3CHO acetaldehyde + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O water + NH_3 ammonia + Ag silver + CH_3CO_2H acetic acid
CH_3CHO acetaldehyde + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O water + NH_3 ammonia + Ag silver + CH_3CO_2H acetic acid

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: CH_3CHO + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Ag + CH_3CO_2H Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 CH_3CHO + c_2 Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 NH_3 + c_5 Ag + c_6 CH_3CO_2H Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for C, H, O, Ag and N: C: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_6 H: | 4 c_1 + 7 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 3 c_4 + 4 c_6 O: | c_1 + c_2 = c_3 + 2 c_6 Ag: | c_2 = c_5 N: | 2 c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 4 c_5 = 2 c_6 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | CH_3CHO + 2 Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + 4 NH_3 + 2 Ag + CH_3CO_2H
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: CH_3CHO + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Ag + CH_3CO_2H Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 CH_3CHO + c_2 Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 NH_3 + c_5 Ag + c_6 CH_3CO_2H Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for C, H, O, Ag and N: C: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_6 H: | 4 c_1 + 7 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 3 c_4 + 4 c_6 O: | c_1 + c_2 = c_3 + 2 c_6 Ag: | c_2 = c_5 N: | 2 c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 4 c_5 = 2 c_6 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | CH_3CHO + 2 Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + 4 NH_3 + 2 Ag + CH_3CO_2H

Structures

+ Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ + + +
+ Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ + + +

Names

acetaldehyde + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ water + ammonia + silver + acetic acid
acetaldehyde + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ water + ammonia + silver + acetic acid

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: CH_3CHO + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Ag + CH_3CO_2H Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CH_3CHO + 2 Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + 4 NH_3 + 2 Ag + CH_3CO_2H Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CH_3CHO | 1 | -1 Ag(NH3)2OH | 2 | -2 H_2O | 1 | 1 NH_3 | 4 | 4 Ag | 2 | 2 CH_3CO_2H | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression CH_3CHO | 1 | -1 | ([CH3CHO])^(-1) Ag(NH3)2OH | 2 | -2 | ([Ag(NH3)2OH])^(-2) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] NH_3 | 4 | 4 | ([NH3])^4 Ag | 2 | 2 | ([Ag])^2 CH_3CO_2H | 1 | 1 | [CH3CO2H] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([CH3CHO])^(-1) ([Ag(NH3)2OH])^(-2) [H2O] ([NH3])^4 ([Ag])^2 [CH3CO2H] = ([H2O] ([NH3])^4 ([Ag])^2 [CH3CO2H])/([CH3CHO] ([Ag(NH3)2OH])^2)
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: CH_3CHO + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Ag + CH_3CO_2H Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CH_3CHO + 2 Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + 4 NH_3 + 2 Ag + CH_3CO_2H Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CH_3CHO | 1 | -1 Ag(NH3)2OH | 2 | -2 H_2O | 1 | 1 NH_3 | 4 | 4 Ag | 2 | 2 CH_3CO_2H | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression CH_3CHO | 1 | -1 | ([CH3CHO])^(-1) Ag(NH3)2OH | 2 | -2 | ([Ag(NH3)2OH])^(-2) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] NH_3 | 4 | 4 | ([NH3])^4 Ag | 2 | 2 | ([Ag])^2 CH_3CO_2H | 1 | 1 | [CH3CO2H] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([CH3CHO])^(-1) ([Ag(NH3)2OH])^(-2) [H2O] ([NH3])^4 ([Ag])^2 [CH3CO2H] = ([H2O] ([NH3])^4 ([Ag])^2 [CH3CO2H])/([CH3CHO] ([Ag(NH3)2OH])^2)

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: CH_3CHO + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Ag + CH_3CO_2H Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CH_3CHO + 2 Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + 4 NH_3 + 2 Ag + CH_3CO_2H Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CH_3CHO | 1 | -1 Ag(NH3)2OH | 2 | -2 H_2O | 1 | 1 NH_3 | 4 | 4 Ag | 2 | 2 CH_3CO_2H | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term CH_3CHO | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3CHO])/(Δt) Ag(NH3)2OH | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[Ag(NH3)2OH])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NH_3 | 4 | 4 | 1/4 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) Ag | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[Ag])/(Δt) CH_3CO_2H | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CH3CO2H])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[CH3CHO])/(Δt) = -1/2 (Δ[Ag(NH3)2OH])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/4 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[Ag])/(Δt) = (Δ[CH3CO2H])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: CH_3CHO + Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Ag + CH_3CO_2H Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CH_3CHO + 2 Ag(NH3)2OH ⟶ H_2O + 4 NH_3 + 2 Ag + CH_3CO_2H Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CH_3CHO | 1 | -1 Ag(NH3)2OH | 2 | -2 H_2O | 1 | 1 NH_3 | 4 | 4 Ag | 2 | 2 CH_3CO_2H | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term CH_3CHO | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3CHO])/(Δt) Ag(NH3)2OH | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[Ag(NH3)2OH])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NH_3 | 4 | 4 | 1/4 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) Ag | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[Ag])/(Δt) CH_3CO_2H | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CH3CO2H])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[CH3CHO])/(Δt) = -1/2 (Δ[Ag(NH3)2OH])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/4 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[Ag])/(Δt) = (Δ[CH3CO2H])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| acetaldehyde | Ag(NH3)2OH | water | ammonia | silver | acetic acid formula | CH_3CHO | Ag(NH3)2OH | H_2O | NH_3 | Ag | CH_3CO_2H Hill formula | C_2H_4O | H7AgN2O | H_2O | H_3N | Ag | C_2H_4O_2 name | acetaldehyde | | water | ammonia | silver | acetic acid
| acetaldehyde | Ag(NH3)2OH | water | ammonia | silver | acetic acid formula | CH_3CHO | Ag(NH3)2OH | H_2O | NH_3 | Ag | CH_3CO_2H Hill formula | C_2H_4O | H7AgN2O | H_2O | H_3N | Ag | C_2H_4O_2 name | acetaldehyde | | water | ammonia | silver | acetic acid

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