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H2O + CaCN2 = NH3 + CaCO3

Input interpretation

H_2O water + CaNCN calcium cyanamide ⟶ NH_3 ammonia + CaCO_3 calcium carbonate
H_2O water + CaNCN calcium cyanamide ⟶ NH_3 ammonia + CaCO_3 calcium carbonate

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ NH_3 + CaCO_3 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 H_2O + c_2 CaNCN ⟶ c_3 NH_3 + c_4 CaCO_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, C, Ca and N: H: | 2 c_1 = 3 c_3 O: | c_1 = 3 c_4 C: | c_2 = c_4 Ca: | c_2 = c_4 N: | 2 c_2 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 3 H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ 2 NH_3 + CaCO_3
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ NH_3 + CaCO_3 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 H_2O + c_2 CaNCN ⟶ c_3 NH_3 + c_4 CaCO_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, C, Ca and N: H: | 2 c_1 = 3 c_3 O: | c_1 = 3 c_4 C: | c_2 = c_4 Ca: | c_2 = c_4 N: | 2 c_2 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 3 H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ 2 NH_3 + CaCO_3

Structures

+ ⟶ +
+ ⟶ +

Names

water + calcium cyanamide ⟶ ammonia + calcium carbonate
water + calcium cyanamide ⟶ ammonia + calcium carbonate

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ NH_3 + CaCO_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 3 H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ 2 NH_3 + CaCO_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 3 | -3 CaNCN | 1 | -1 NH_3 | 2 | 2 CaCO_3 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression H_2O | 3 | -3 | ([H2O])^(-3) CaNCN | 1 | -1 | ([CaNCN])^(-1) NH_3 | 2 | 2 | ([NH3])^2 CaCO_3 | 1 | 1 | [CaCO3] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([H2O])^(-3) ([CaNCN])^(-1) ([NH3])^2 [CaCO3] = (([NH3])^2 [CaCO3])/(([H2O])^3 [CaNCN])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ NH_3 + CaCO_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 3 H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ 2 NH_3 + CaCO_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 3 | -3 CaNCN | 1 | -1 NH_3 | 2 | 2 CaCO_3 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression H_2O | 3 | -3 | ([H2O])^(-3) CaNCN | 1 | -1 | ([CaNCN])^(-1) NH_3 | 2 | 2 | ([NH3])^2 CaCO_3 | 1 | 1 | [CaCO3] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([H2O])^(-3) ([CaNCN])^(-1) ([NH3])^2 [CaCO3] = (([NH3])^2 [CaCO3])/(([H2O])^3 [CaNCN])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ NH_3 + CaCO_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 3 H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ 2 NH_3 + CaCO_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 3 | -3 CaNCN | 1 | -1 NH_3 | 2 | 2 CaCO_3 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term H_2O | 3 | -3 | -1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) CaNCN | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CaNCN])/(Δt) NH_3 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) CaCO_3 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CaCO3])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = -(Δ[CaNCN])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) = (Δ[CaCO3])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ NH_3 + CaCO_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 3 H_2O + CaNCN ⟶ 2 NH_3 + CaCO_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 3 | -3 CaNCN | 1 | -1 NH_3 | 2 | 2 CaCO_3 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term H_2O | 3 | -3 | -1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) CaNCN | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CaNCN])/(Δt) NH_3 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) CaCO_3 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CaCO3])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = -(Δ[CaNCN])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) = (Δ[CaCO3])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| water | calcium cyanamide | ammonia | calcium carbonate formula | H_2O | CaNCN | NH_3 | CaCO_3 Hill formula | H_2O | CCaN_2 | H_3N | CCaO_3 name | water | calcium cyanamide | ammonia | calcium carbonate IUPAC name | water | cyanoiminocalcium | ammonia | calcium carbonate
| water | calcium cyanamide | ammonia | calcium carbonate formula | H_2O | CaNCN | NH_3 | CaCO_3 Hill formula | H_2O | CCaN_2 | H_3N | CCaO_3 name | water | calcium cyanamide | ammonia | calcium carbonate IUPAC name | water | cyanoiminocalcium | ammonia | calcium carbonate

Substance properties

| water | calcium cyanamide | ammonia | calcium carbonate molar mass | 18.015 g/mol | 80.103 g/mol | 17.031 g/mol | 100.09 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 0 °C | 300 °C | -77.73 °C | 1340 °C boiling point | 99.9839 °C | | -33.33 °C | density | 1 g/cm^3 | | 6.96×10^-4 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 2.71 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | | | insoluble surface tension | 0.0728 N/m | | 0.0234 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 1.009×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | odorless | odorless | |
| water | calcium cyanamide | ammonia | calcium carbonate molar mass | 18.015 g/mol | 80.103 g/mol | 17.031 g/mol | 100.09 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 0 °C | 300 °C | -77.73 °C | 1340 °C boiling point | 99.9839 °C | | -33.33 °C | density | 1 g/cm^3 | | 6.96×10^-4 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 2.71 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | | | insoluble surface tension | 0.0728 N/m | | 0.0234 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 1.009×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | odorless | odorless | |

Units

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