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fluorine vs iodine vs chlorine

Input interpretation

fluorine (chemical element) | iodine (chemical element) | chlorine (chemical element)
fluorine (chemical element) | iodine (chemical element) | chlorine (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Images

Images
Images

Basic elemental properties

| fluorine | iodine | chlorine atomic symbol | F | I | Cl atomic number | 9 | 53 | 17 short electronic configuration | [He]2s^22p^5 | [Kr]5s^24d^105p^5 | [Ne]3s^23p^5 Aufbau diagram | 2p 2s | 5p 4d 5s | 3p 3s block | p | p | p group | 17 | 17 | 17 period | 2 | 5 | 3 atomic mass | 18.998403163 u | 126.90447 u | 35.45 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)
| fluorine | iodine | chlorine atomic symbol | F | I | Cl atomic number | 9 | 53 | 17 short electronic configuration | [He]2s^22p^5 | [Kr]5s^24d^105p^5 | [Ne]3s^23p^5 Aufbau diagram | 2p 2s | 5p 4d 5s | 3p 3s block | p | p | p group | 17 | 17 | 17 period | 2 | 5 | 3 atomic mass | 18.998403163 u | 126.90447 u | 35.45 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

Thermodynamic properties

| fluorine | iodine | chlorine phase at STP | gas | solid | gas melting point | -219.6 °C | 113.7 °C | -101.5 °C boiling point | -188.12 °C | 184.3 °C | -34.04 °C critical temperature | 144.13 K | 819 K | 416.9 K critical pressure | 5.172 MPa | 11.7 MPa | 7.991 MPa molar heat of fusion | 0.26 kJ/mol | 7.76 kJ/mol | 3.2 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 3.27 kJ/mol | 20.9 kJ/mol | 10.2 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 824 J/(kg K) | 429 J/(kg K) | 478.2 J/(kg K) adiabatic index | 7/5 | | 7/5 (properties at standard conditions)
| fluorine | iodine | chlorine phase at STP | gas | solid | gas melting point | -219.6 °C | 113.7 °C | -101.5 °C boiling point | -188.12 °C | 184.3 °C | -34.04 °C critical temperature | 144.13 K | 819 K | 416.9 K critical pressure | 5.172 MPa | 11.7 MPa | 7.991 MPa molar heat of fusion | 0.26 kJ/mol | 7.76 kJ/mol | 3.2 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 3.27 kJ/mol | 20.9 kJ/mol | 10.2 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 824 J/(kg K) | 429 J/(kg K) | 478.2 J/(kg K) adiabatic index | 7/5 | | 7/5 (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

| fluorine | iodine | chlorine density | 0.001696 g/cm^3 | 4.94 g/cm^3 | 0.003214 g/cm^3 molar volume | 11200 cm^3/mol | 25.69 cm^3/mol | 11030 cm^3/mol bulk modulus | | 7.7 GPa | 1.1 GPa refractive index | 1.000195 | | 1.000773 sound speed | | | 206 m/s thermal conductivity | 0.0277 W/(m K) | 0.449 W/(m K) | 0.0089 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)
| fluorine | iodine | chlorine density | 0.001696 g/cm^3 | 4.94 g/cm^3 | 0.003214 g/cm^3 molar volume | 11200 cm^3/mol | 25.69 cm^3/mol | 11030 cm^3/mol bulk modulus | | 7.7 GPa | 1.1 GPa refractive index | 1.000195 | | 1.000773 sound speed | | | 206 m/s thermal conductivity | 0.0277 W/(m K) | 0.449 W/(m K) | 0.0089 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

| fluorine | iodine | chlorine electrical type | | insulator | insulator resistivity | | 1×10^7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 100 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | | 1×10^-7 S/m (siemens per meter) | 0.01 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | | diamagnetic | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | | -2.22×10^-5 | -2.31×10^-8 mass magnetic susceptibility | | -4.5×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -7.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | | -1.14×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -5.11×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) color | (colorless) | (slate gray) | (yellow) refractive index | 1.000195 | | 1.000773
| fluorine | iodine | chlorine electrical type | | insulator | insulator resistivity | | 1×10^7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 100 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | | 1×10^-7 S/m (siemens per meter) | 0.01 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | | diamagnetic | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | | -2.22×10^-5 | -2.31×10^-8 mass magnetic susceptibility | | -4.5×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -7.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | | -1.14×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -5.11×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) color | (colorless) | (slate gray) | (yellow) refractive index | 1.000195 | | 1.000773

Reactivity

| fluorine | iodine | chlorine valence | 1 | 7 | 5 electronegativity | 3.98 | 2.66 | 3.16 electron affinity | 328 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 295.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 1681 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1008.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1251.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1681 kJ/mol | 3374.2 kJ/mol | 6050.4 kJ/mol | 8407.7 kJ/mol | 11022.7 kJ/mol | 15164.1 kJ/mol | 17868 kJ/mol | 92038.1 kJ/mol | 106434.3 kJ/mol | 1008.4 kJ/mol | 1845.9 kJ/mol | 3180 kJ/mol | 1251.2 kJ/mol | 2298 kJ/mol | 3822 kJ/mol | 5158.6 kJ/mol | 6542 kJ/mol | 9362 kJ/mol | 11018 kJ/mol | 33604 kJ/mol | 38600 kJ/mol | 43961 kJ/mol
| fluorine | iodine | chlorine valence | 1 | 7 | 5 electronegativity | 3.98 | 2.66 | 3.16 electron affinity | 328 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 295.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 1681 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1008.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1251.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1681 kJ/mol | 3374.2 kJ/mol | 6050.4 kJ/mol | 8407.7 kJ/mol | 11022.7 kJ/mol | 15164.1 kJ/mol | 17868 kJ/mol | 92038.1 kJ/mol | 106434.3 kJ/mol | 1008.4 kJ/mol | 1845.9 kJ/mol | 3180 kJ/mol | 1251.2 kJ/mol | 2298 kJ/mol | 3822 kJ/mol | 5158.6 kJ/mol | 6542 kJ/mol | 9362 kJ/mol | 11018 kJ/mol | 33604 kJ/mol | 38600 kJ/mol | 43961 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

| fluorine | iodine | chlorine term symbol | ^2P_(3/2) | ^2P_(3/2) | ^2P_(3/2) atomic radius | 50 pm | 140 pm | 100 pm covalent radius | 57 pm | 139 pm | 102 pm van der Waals radius | 147 pm | 198 pm | 175 pm (electronic ground state properties)
| fluorine | iodine | chlorine term symbol | ^2P_(3/2) | ^2P_(3/2) | ^2P_(3/2) atomic radius | 50 pm | 140 pm | 100 pm covalent radius | 57 pm | 139 pm | 102 pm van der Waals radius | 147 pm | 198 pm | 175 pm (electronic ground state properties)

Abundances

| fluorine | iodine | chlorine universe abundance | 4×10^-5 mass% | 1×10^-7 mass% | 1×10^-4 mass% solar abundance | 5×10^-5 mass% | | 8×10^-4 mass% meteorite abundance | 0.0087 mass% | 2.5×10^-5 mass% | 0.037 mass% crust abundance | 0.054 mass% | 4.9×10^-5 mass% | 0.017 mass% ocean abundance | 1.3×10^-4 mass% | 6×10^-6 mass% | 2 mass% human abundance | 0.0037 mass% | 2×10^-5 mass% | 0.12 mass% universe molar abundance | 3×10^-6 mol% | 1×10^-9 mol% | 4×10^-6 mol% solar molar abundance | 3×10^-6 mol% | | 3×10^-5 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 0.0097 mol% | 3×10^-6 mol% | 0.016 mol% ocean molar abundance | 4.2×10^-5 mol% | 2.9×10^-7 mol% | 0.35 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.059 mol% | 8×10^-6 mol% | 0.0099 mol% human molar abundance | 0.0012 mol% | 1×10^-6 mol% | 0.021 mol%
| fluorine | iodine | chlorine universe abundance | 4×10^-5 mass% | 1×10^-7 mass% | 1×10^-4 mass% solar abundance | 5×10^-5 mass% | | 8×10^-4 mass% meteorite abundance | 0.0087 mass% | 2.5×10^-5 mass% | 0.037 mass% crust abundance | 0.054 mass% | 4.9×10^-5 mass% | 0.017 mass% ocean abundance | 1.3×10^-4 mass% | 6×10^-6 mass% | 2 mass% human abundance | 0.0037 mass% | 2×10^-5 mass% | 0.12 mass% universe molar abundance | 3×10^-6 mol% | 1×10^-9 mol% | 4×10^-6 mol% solar molar abundance | 3×10^-6 mol% | | 3×10^-5 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 0.0097 mol% | 3×10^-6 mol% | 0.016 mol% ocean molar abundance | 4.2×10^-5 mol% | 2.9×10^-7 mol% | 0.35 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.059 mol% | 8×10^-6 mol% | 0.0099 mol% human molar abundance | 0.0012 mol% | 1×10^-6 mol% | 0.021 mol%

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