CaH2SO4 = CaSO4H2

CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 CaH2SO4 ⟶ c_2 CaSO4H2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Ca, H, S and O: Ca: | c_1 = c_2 H: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_2 S: | c_1 = c_2 O: | 4 c_1 = 4 c_2 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2

CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2

CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CaH2SO4 | 1 | -1 CaSO4H2 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression CaH2SO4 | 1 | -1 | ([CaH2SO4])^(-1) CaSO4H2 | 1 | 1 | [CaSO4H2] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([CaH2SO4])^(-1) [CaSO4H2] = ([CaSO4H2])/([CaH2SO4])

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CaH2SO4 ⟶ CaSO4H2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CaH2SO4 | 1 | -1 CaSO4H2 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term CaH2SO4 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CaH2SO4])/(Δt) CaSO4H2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CaSO4H2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[CaH2SO4])/(Δt) = (Δ[CaSO4H2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| CaH2SO4 | CaSO4H2 formula | CaH2SO4 | CaSO4H2 Hill formula | H2CaO4S | H2CaO4S

| CaH2SO4 | CaSO4H2 molar mass | 138.2 g/mol | 138.2 g/mol