platinum metals

platinum metals

ruthenium | rhodium | palladium | osmium | iridium | platinum (total: 6)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration ruthenium | Ru | 44 | [Kr]5s^14d^7 rhodium | Rh | 45 | [Kr]5s^14d^8 palladium | Pd | 46 | [Kr]4d^10 osmium | Os | 76 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^6 iridium | Ir | 77 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^7 platinum | Pt | 78 | [Xe]6s^14f^145d^9 | Aufbau diagram | block | group ruthenium | 4d 5s | d | 8 rhodium | 4d 5s | d | 9 palladium | 4d | d | 10 osmium | 5d 4f 6s | d | 8 iridium | 5d 4f 6s | d | 9 platinum | 5d 4f 6s | d | 10 | period | atomic mass | half-life ruthenium | 5 | 101.07 u | (stable) rhodium | 5 | 102.9055 u | (stable) palladium | 5 | 106.42 u | (stable) osmium | 6 | 190.23 u | (stable) iridium | 6 | 192.217 u | (stable) platinum | 6 | 195.084 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 2149 °C | highest | 3033 °C (osmium) | lowest | 1554.9 °C (palladium) | distribution | boiling point | median | 3988 °C | highest | 5012 °C (osmium) | lowest | 2963 °C (palladium) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 23.7 kJ/mol | highest | 31 kJ/mol (osmium) | lowest | 16.7 kJ/mol (palladium) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 527 kJ/mol | highest | 630 kJ/mol (osmium) | lowest | 380 kJ/mol (palladium) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 186 J/(kg K) | highest | 240 J/(kg K) (rhodium and palladium) | lowest | 130 J/(kg K) (osmium) (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 16.95 g/cm^3 | highest | 22.59 g/cm^3 (osmium) | lowest | 12.023 g/cm^3 (palladium) | distribution | liquid density | median | 14.85 g/cm^3 | highest | 20 g/cm^3 (osmium) | lowest | 10.38 g/cm^3 (palladium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 8.471 cm^3/mol | highest | 9.095 cm^3/mol (platinum) | lowest | 8.171 cm^3/mol (ruthenium) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 6.2 | highest | 7 (≈ quartz) (osmium) | lowest | 3.5 (between calcite and fluorite) (platinum) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 461 MPa | 549 MPa | 1246 MPa | 1760 MPa | 2300 MPa | 4140 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 37.3 MPa | 392 MPa | 1100 MPa | 1670 MPa | 2160 MPa | 3920 MPa bulk modulus | median | 230 GPa | highest | 380 GPa (rhodium) | lowest | 180 GPa (palladium) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 162 GPa | highest | 222 GPa (osmium) | lowest | 44 GPa (palladium) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 275 GPa | highest | 528 GPa (iridium) | lowest | 121 GPa (palladium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.3 | 0.38 | 0.39 ultimate tensile strength | all | 180 MPa sound speed | median | 4800 m/s | highest | 5970 m/s (ruthenium) | lowest | 2680 m/s (platinum) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 7.3×10^-6 K^(-1) | highest | 1.18×10^-5 K^(-1) (palladium) | lowest | 5.1×10^-6 K^(-1) (osmium) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 104 W/(m K) | highest | 150 W/(m K) (rhodium and iridium) | lowest | 72 W/(m K) (palladium and platinum) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 7.6×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 1.1×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (platinum) | lowest | 4.3×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (rhodium) | distribution | electrical conductivity | median | 1.3×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 2.3×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (rhodium) | lowest | 9.4×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (platinum) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 1.18×10^-4 | highest | 7.899×10^-4 (palladium) | lowest | 1.4×10^-5 (osmium) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 8.81×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 6.57×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (palladium) | lowest | 6×10^-10 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (osmium) molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 9.74×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 6.992×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (palladium) | lowest | 1.1×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (osmium) | distribution | work function | all | 4.71 eV | 4.98 eV | 5.93 eV | (5 to 5.76) eV | (5.12 to 5.93) eV | (5.22 to 5.6) eV superconducting point | median | 0.49 K (kelvins) | highest | 0.66 K (kelvins) (osmium) | lowest | 0.11 K (kelvins) (iridium) | distribution |

valence | median | 6 | highest | 6 (5 elements) | lowest | 4 (palladium) electronegativity | median | 2.2 | highest | 2.28 (rhodium and platinum) | lowest | 2.2 (ruthenium and osmium) electron affinity | median | 107.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 205.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (platinum) | lowest | 53.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (palladium) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 822 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 880 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (iridium) | lowest | 710.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (ruthenium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^3D_3 | ^4F_(9/2) | ^5D_4 | ^5F_5 atomic radius | median | 135 pm | highest | 140 pm (palladium) | lowest | 130 pm (ruthenium and osmium) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 142 pm | highest | 146 pm (ruthenium) | lowest | 136 pm (platinum) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 2.5×10^-7 mass% | highest | 5×10^-7 mass% (platinum) | lowest | 6×10^-8 mass% (rhodium) | distribution | solar abundance | median | 2.5×10^-7 mass% | highest | 9×10^-7 mass% (platinum) | lowest | 2×10^-7 mass% (3 elements) | distribution | meteorite abundance | median | 6.6×10^-5 mass% | highest | 9.8×10^-5 mass% (platinum) | lowest | 1.8×10^-5 mass% (rhodium) | distribution | crust abundance | median | 1.4×10^-7 mass% | highest | 3.7×10^-6 mass% (platinum) | lowest | 4×10^-8 mass% (iridium) universe molar abundance | median | 2×10^-9 mol% | highest | 5×10^-9 mol% (ruthenium) | lowest | 7×10^-10 mol% (rhodium) | distribution | solar molar abundance | median | 3×10^-9 mol% | highest | 6×10^-9 mol% (ruthenium and platinum) | lowest | 9.9×10^-10 mol% (iridium) | distribution | meteorite molar abundance | median | 8.5×10^-6 mol% | highest | 1.6×10^-5 mol% (ruthenium) | lowest | 4×10^-6 mol% (rhodium) | distribution | crust molar abundance | median | 2×10^-8 mol% | highest | 4×10^-7 mol% (platinum) | lowest | 5×10^-9 mol% (iridium)