gallium vs chromium vs manganese

gallium (chemical element) | chromium (chemical element) | manganese (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| gallium | chromium | manganese atomic symbol | Ga | Cr | Mn atomic number | 31 | 24 | 25 short electronic configuration | [Ar]4s^23d^104p^1 | [Ar]4s^13d^5 | [Ar]4s^23d^5 Aufbau diagram | 4p 3d 4s | 3d 4s | 3d 4s block | p | d | d group | 13 | 6 | 7 period | 4 | 4 | 4 atomic mass | 69.723 u | 51.9961 u | 54.938044 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

| gallium | chromium | manganese phase at STP | solid | solid | solid melting point | 29.76 °C | 1907 °C | 1246 °C boiling point | 2204 °C | 2671 °C | 2061 °C molar heat of fusion | 5.59 kJ/mol | 20.5 kJ/mol | 13.2 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 256 kJ/mol | 339 kJ/mol | 220 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 371 J/(kg K) | 448 J/(kg K) | 479 J/(kg K) Néel point | | 393 K | 100 K (properties at standard conditions)

| gallium | chromium | manganese density | 5.904 g/cm^3 | 7.19 g/cm^3 | 7.47 g/cm^3 liquid density | 6.095 g/cm^3 | 6.3 g/cm^3 | 5.95 g/cm^3 molar volume | 11.81 cm^3/mol | 7.232 cm^3/mol | 7.354 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 1.5 (between talc and gypsum) | 8.5 (between topaz and corundum) | 6 (≈ microcline) Vickers hardness | | 1060 MPa | Brinell hardness | 60 MPa | 1120 MPa | 196 MPa bulk modulus | | 160 GPa | 120 GPa shear modulus | | 115 GPa | Young's modulus | | 279 GPa | 198 GPa Poisson ratio | | 0.21 | tensile yield strength | | | 241 MPa ultimate tensile strength | | | 496 MPa sound speed | 2740 m/s | 5940 m/s | 5150 m/s thermal expansion | 1.2×10^-4 K^(-1) | 4.9×10^-6 K^(-1) | 2.17×10^-5 K^(-1) thermal conductivity | 29 W/(m K) | 94 W/(m K) | 7.8 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

| gallium | chromium | manganese electrical type | conductor | conductor | conductor resistivity | 1.4×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 1.3×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 1.6×10^-6 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 7.1×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | 7.9×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | 620000 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | diamagnetic | antiferromagnetic | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -1.77×10^-5 | 3.177×10^-4 | 9.0387×10^-4 mass magnetic susceptibility | -3×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 4.45×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 1.21×10^-7 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -2.09×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 2.314×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 6.6475×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) Néel point | | 393 K (kelvins) | 100 K (kelvins) work function | 4.32 eV (Polycrystalline) | 4.5 eV (Polycrystalline) | 4.1 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 1.045×10^15 Hz (hertz) | 1.088×10^15 Hz (hertz) | 9.914×10^14 Hz (hertz) superconducting point | 1.083 K (kelvins) | | color | (silver) | (silver) | (silver)

| gallium | chromium | manganese valence | 3 | 6 | 4 electronegativity | 1.81 | 1.66 | 1.55 electron affinity | 28.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 64.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 578.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 652.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 717.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 578.8 kJ/mol | 1979.3 kJ/mol | 2963 kJ/mol | 6180 kJ/mol | 652.9 kJ/mol | 1590.6 kJ/mol | 2987 kJ/mol | 4743 kJ/mol | 6702 kJ/mol | 8744.9 kJ/mol | 15455 kJ/mol | 17820 kJ/mol | 20190 kJ/mol | 23580 kJ/mol | 26130 kJ/mol | 28750 kJ/mol | 34230 kJ/mol | 37066 kJ/mol | 97510 kJ/mol | 105800 kJ/mol | 114300 kJ/mol | 125300 kJ/mol | 134700 kJ/mol | 144300 kJ/mol | 157700 kJ/mol | 717.3 kJ/mol | 1509 kJ/mol | 3248 kJ/mol | 4940 kJ/mol | 6990 kJ/mol | 9220 kJ/mol | 11500 kJ/mol | 18770 kJ/mol | 21400 kJ/mol | 23960 kJ/mol | 27590 kJ/mol | 30330 kJ/mol | 33150 kJ/mol | 38880 kJ/mol | 41987 kJ/mol | 109480 kJ/mol | 118100 kJ/mol | 127100 kJ/mol | 138600 kJ/mol | 148500 kJ/mol | 158600 kJ/mol

Reactivity

| gallium | chromium | manganese term symbol | ^2P_(1/2) | ^7S_3 | ^6S_(5/2) atomic radius | 130 pm | 140 pm | 140 pm covalent radius | 122 pm | 139 pm | 139 pm van der Waals radius | 187 pm | | (electronic ground state properties)

| gallium | chromium | manganese universe abundance | 1×10^-6 mass% | 0.0015 mass% | 8×10^-4 mass% solar abundance | 4×10^-6 mass% | 0.002 mass% | 0.001 mass% meteorite abundance | 7.6×10^-4 mass% | 0.3 mass% | 0.27 mass% crust abundance | 0.0019 mass% | 0.014 mass% | 0.11 mass% ocean abundance | 3×10^-9 mass% | 6×10^-8 mass% | 2×10^-7 mass% human abundance | | 3×10^-6 mass% | 2×10^-5 mass% universe molar abundance | 2×10^-8 mol% | 4×10^-5 mol% | 2×10^-5 mol% solar molar abundance | 6×10^-8 mol% | 4×10^-5 mol% | 2×10^-5 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 2×10^-4 mol% | 0.12 mol% | 0.093 mol% ocean molar abundance | 2.7×10^-10 mol% | 7.1×10^-9 mol% | 2.3×10^-8 mol% crust molar abundance | 5.5×10^-4 mol% | 0.0055 mol% | 0.042 mol% human molar abundance | | 4×10^-7 mol% | 2.3×10^-6 mol%

| gallium | chromium | manganese half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable) stable isotopes | Ga-69 (60.108%) | Ga-71 (39.892%) | Cr-52 (83.789%) | Cr-53 (9.501%) | Cr-50 (4.345%) | Cr-54 (2.365%) | Mn-55 (100%) nuclear spin | Ga-56: 3^+ | Ga-57: 1/2^- | Ga-58: 2^+ | Ga-59: 3/2^- | Ga-60: 2^+ | Ga-61: 3/2^- | Ga-62: 0^+ | Ga-63: 3/2^- | Ga-64: 0^+ | Ga-65: 3/2^- | Ga-66: 0^+ | Ga-67: 3/2^- | Ga-68: 1^+ | Ga-69: 3/2^- | Ga-70: 1^+ | Ga-71: 3/2^- | Ga-72: 3^- | Ga-73: 3/2^- | Ga-74: 3^- | Ga-75: 3/2^- | Ga-77: 3/2^- | Ga-78: 3^+ | Ga-79: 3/2^- | Ga-80: 3^? | Ga-81: 5/2^- | Ga-83: 3/2^- | Ga-85: 3/2^- | Cr-42: 0^+ | Cr-43: 3/2^+ | Cr-44: 0^+ | Cr-45: 7/2^- | Cr-46: 0^+ | Cr-47: 3/2^- | Cr-48: 0^+ | Cr-49: 5/2^- | Cr-50: 0^+ | Cr-51: 7/2^- | Cr-52: 0^+ | Cr-53: 3/2^- | Cr-54: 0^+ | Cr-55: 3/2^- | Cr-56: 0^+ | Cr-58: 0^+ | Cr-59: 1/2^- | Cr-60: 0^+ | Cr-61: 5/2^- | Cr-62: 0^+ | Cr-63: 1/2^- | Cr-64: 0^+ | Cr-65: 1/2^- | Cr-66: 0^+ | Cr-67: 1/2^- | Mn-44: 2^- | Mn-45: 7/2^- | Mn-46: 4^+ | Mn-47: 5/2^- | Mn-48: 4^+ | Mn-49: 5/2^- | Mn-50: 0^+ | Mn-51: 5/2^- | Mn-52: 6^+ | Mn-53: 7/2^- | Mn-54: 3^+ | Mn-55: 5/2^- | Mn-56: 3^+ | Mn-57: 5/2^- | Mn-58: 1^+ | Mn-59: 5/2^- | Mn-60: 0^+ | Mn-61: 5/2^- | Mn-62: 3^+ | Mn-63: 5/2^- | Mn-64: 1^+ | Mn-65: 5/2^- | Mn-67: 5/2^- | Mn-69: 5/2^- unstable isotopes | Ga-67 (78.281 h) | Ga-72 (14.1 h) | Ga-66 (9.5 h) | Ga-73 (4.86 h) | Ga-68 (67.72 min) | Ga-70 (21.13 min) | Ga-65 (15.2 min) | Ga-74 (8.12 min) | Ga-64 (157.6 s) | Ga-75 (126 s) | Ga-76 (32.6 s) | Ga-63 (32.4 s) | Ga-77 (13.2 s) | Ga-78 (5.09 s) | Ga-79 (2.847 s) | Ga-80 (1.676 s) | Ga-81 (1.217 s) | Ga-82 (599 ms) | Ga-83 (308 ms) | Ga-61 (168 ms) | Ga-62 (116.12 ms) | Ga-84 (85 ms) | Ga-60 (70 ms) | Ga-86 (150 ns) | Ga-85 (150 ns) | Cr-51 (27.703 days) | Cr-48 (21.561 h) | Cr-49 (42.33 min) | Cr-56 (5.93 min) | Cr-55 (209.8 s) | Cr-57 (21.1 s) | Cr-58 (7 s) | Cr-60 (570 ms) | Cr-47 (500 ms) | Cr-59 (460 ms) | Cr-61 (270 ms) | Cr-46 (260 ms) | Cr-62 (190 ms) | Cr-63 (129 ms) | Cr-45 (60.9 ms) | Cr-44 (53 ms) | Cr-64 (43 ms) | Cr-65 (27 ms) | Cr-43 (21.6 ms) | Cr-42 (13 ms) | Cr-67 (10 ms) | Cr-66 (10 ms) | Mn-53 (3.8 Myr) | Mn-54 (312.12 days) | Mn-52 (134.2 h) | Mn-56 (154.73 min) | Mn-51 (46.17 min) | Mn-57 (85.4 s) | Mn-60 (51 s) | Mn-59 (4.59 s) | Mn-58 (3 s) | Mn-62 (880 ms) | Mn-61 (670 ms) | Mn-49 (382 ms) | Mn-63 (290 ms) | Mn-50 (283.29 ms) | Mn-48 (158.1 ms) | Mn-47 (100 ms) | Mn-65 (92 ms) | Mn-64 (88.8 ms) | Mn-66 (64.4 ms) | Mn-67 (47 ms) | Mn-46 (34 ms) | Mn-68 (28 ms) | Mn-69 (14 ms) | Mn-44 (105 ns) | Mn-45 (70 ns) neutron cross-section | 2.9 b | 3.1 b | 13.3 b neutron mass absorption | 0.0015 m^2/kg | 0.0021 m^2/kg | 0.0083 m^2/kg

| gallium | chromium | manganese CAS number | 7440-55-3 | 7440-47-3 | 7439-96-5 PubChem CID number | 5360835 | 23976 | 23930