Input interpretation
oxygen + hydrogen chloride ⟶ water + chlorine
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for O, Cl and H: O: | 2 c_1 = c_3 Cl: | c_2 = 2 c_4 H: | c_2 = 2 c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 4 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | + 4 ⟶ 2 + 2
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
oxygen + hydrogen chloride ⟶ water + chlorine
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| oxygen | hydrogen chloride | water | chlorine molecular enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | -92.3 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol total enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | -369.2 kJ/mol | -571.7 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | H_initial = -369.2 kJ/mol | | H_final = -571.7 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -571.7 kJ/mol - -369.2 kJ/mol = -202.5 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | |
Gibbs free energy
| oxygen | hydrogen chloride | water | chlorine molecular free energy | 231.7 kJ/mol | -95.3 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol total free energy | 231.7 kJ/mol | -381.2 kJ/mol | -474.2 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | G_initial = -149.5 kJ/mol | | G_final = -474.2 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -474.2 kJ/mol - -149.5 kJ/mol = -324.7 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |
Entropy
| oxygen | hydrogen chloride | water | chlorine molecular entropy | 205 J/(mol K) | 187 J/(mol K) | 69.91 J/(mol K) | 223 J/(mol K) total entropy | 205 J/(mol K) | 748 J/(mol K) | 139.8 J/(mol K) | 446 J/(mol K) | S_initial = 953 J/(mol K) | | S_final = 585.8 J/(mol K) | ΔS_rxn^0 | 585.8 J/(mol K) - 953 J/(mol K) = -367.2 J/(mol K) (exoentropic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| oxygen | hydrogen chloride | water | chlorine Hill formula | O_2 | ClH | H_2O | Cl_2 name | oxygen | hydrogen chloride | water | chlorine IUPAC name | molecular oxygen | hydrogen chloride | water | molecular chlorine