Input interpretation
4-chlorobutyric acid
Chemical names and formulas
formula | Cl(CH_2)_3COOH Hill formula | C_4H_7ClO_2 name | 4-chlorobutyric acid IUPAC name | 4-chlorobutanoic acid alternate names | 4-chlorobutanoic acid | butanoic acid, 4-chloro- | butyric acid, 4-chloro- | gamma-chlorobutyric acid mass fractions | C (carbon) 39.2% | Cl (chlorine) 28.9% | H (hydrogen) 5.76% | O (oxygen) 26.1%
Lewis structure
Draw the Lewis structure of 4-chlorobutyric acid. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule, ignoring potential double and triple bonds: Count the total valence electrons of the carbon (n_C, val = 4), chlorine (n_Cl, val = 7), hydrogen (n_H, val = 1), and oxygen (n_O, val = 6) atoms: 4 n_C, val + n_Cl, val + 7 n_H, val + 2 n_O, val = 42 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for carbon (n_C, full = 8), chlorine (n_Cl, full = 8), hydrogen (n_H, full = 2), and oxygen (n_O, full = 8): 4 n_C, full + n_Cl, full + 7 n_H, full + 2 n_O, full = 70 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 70 - 42 = 28 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so in addition to the 13 bonds already present in the diagram add 1 bond. To minimize formal charge oxygen wants 2 bonds and carbon wants 4 bonds. Identify the atoms that want additional bonds and the number of electrons remaining on each atom: Fill in the 1 bond by pairing electrons between adjacent highlighted atoms: Answer: | |
3D structure
3D structure
Basic properties
molar mass | 122.5 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | 14 °C boiling point | 196 °C (measured at 2933 Pa) density | 1.24 g/cm^3 solubility in water | very soluble
Units
Liquid properties (at STP)
density | 1.24 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 1.3×10^-4 mmHg (at 25 °C) refractive index | 1.451
Units
Thermodynamic properties
molar heat of vaporization | 60.7 kJ/mol specific heat of vaporization | 0.495 kJ/g critical temperature | 691 K critical pressure | 4.16 MPa (at STP)
Chemical identifiers
CAS number | 627-00-9 Beilstein number | 1700264 PubChem CID number | 12300 PubChem SID number | 24892552 SMILES identifier | C(CC(=O)O)CCl InChI identifier | InChI=1/C4H7ClO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3H2, (H, 6, 7)/f/h6H MDL number | MFCD00002818
Safety properties
flash point | 110 °C