Input interpretation
![aniline](../image_source/5f242bbaeacc867654fdf480022f2ce0.png)
aniline
Chemical names and formulas
![formula | C_6H_5NH_2 Hill formula | C_6H_7N name | aniline alternate names | aminobenzene | aminophen | cyanol | aniline oil | anyvim | benzenamine | benzidam | krystallin | phenylamine mass fractions | C (carbon) 77.4% | H (hydrogen) 7.58% | N (nitrogen) 15%](../image_source/fd9acc720066232237c0f5e881583fa1.png)
formula | C_6H_5NH_2 Hill formula | C_6H_7N name | aniline alternate names | aminobenzene | aminophen | cyanol | aniline oil | anyvim | benzenamine | benzidam | krystallin | phenylamine mass fractions | C (carbon) 77.4% | H (hydrogen) 7.58% | N (nitrogen) 15%
Lewis structure
![Draw the Lewis structure of aniline. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule, ignoring potential double and triple bonds: Count the total valence electrons of the carbon (n_C, val = 4), hydrogen (n_H, val = 1), and nitrogen (n_N, val = 5) atoms: 6 n_C, val + 7 n_H, val + n_N, val = 36 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for carbon (n_C, full = 8), hydrogen (n_H, full = 2), and nitrogen (n_N, full = 8): 6 n_C, full + 7 n_H, full + n_N, full = 70 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 70 - 36 = 34 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so in addition to the 14 bonds already present in the diagram add 3 bonds. To minimize formal charge carbon wants 4 bonds. Identify the atoms that want additional bonds and the number of electrons remaining on each atom: Fill in the 3 bonds by pairing electrons between adjacent highlighted atoms. Note that the six atom ring is aromatic, so that the single and double bonds may be rearranged: Answer: | |](../image_source/64d55cb2642108bce6c02005f1900e36.png)
Draw the Lewis structure of aniline. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule, ignoring potential double and triple bonds: Count the total valence electrons of the carbon (n_C, val = 4), hydrogen (n_H, val = 1), and nitrogen (n_N, val = 5) atoms: 6 n_C, val + 7 n_H, val + n_N, val = 36 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for carbon (n_C, full = 8), hydrogen (n_H, full = 2), and nitrogen (n_N, full = 8): 6 n_C, full + 7 n_H, full + n_N, full = 70 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 70 - 36 = 34 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so in addition to the 14 bonds already present in the diagram add 3 bonds. To minimize formal charge carbon wants 4 bonds. Identify the atoms that want additional bonds and the number of electrons remaining on each atom: Fill in the 3 bonds by pairing electrons between adjacent highlighted atoms. Note that the six atom ring is aromatic, so that the single and double bonds may be rearranged: Answer: | |
3D structure
![3D structure](../image_source/d8b22350b58a3853dc94c2c4fbf50ea3.png)
3D structure
Basic properties
![molar mass | 93.13 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -6.2 °C boiling point | 184 °C density | 1.019 g/cm^3](../image_source/b74d50934330e2f879d8ac9821cfdd22.png)
molar mass | 93.13 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -6.2 °C boiling point | 184 °C density | 1.019 g/cm^3
Units
Liquid properties (at STP)
![density | 1.019 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 0.6 mmHg (at 25 °C) dynamic viscosity | 0.003847 Pa s (at 25 °C) surface tension | 0.04258 N/m refractive index | 1.5863](../image_source/f22b17fc3d77110d1bb98e5d1879186d.png)
density | 1.019 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 0.6 mmHg (at 25 °C) dynamic viscosity | 0.003847 Pa s (at 25 °C) surface tension | 0.04258 N/m refractive index | 1.5863
Units
Thermodynamic properties
![specific heat capacity c_p | gas | 1.159 J/(g K) | liquid | 2.061 J/(g K) molar heat capacity c_p | gas | 107.9 J/(mol K) | liquid | 191.9 J/(mol K) specific heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | 0.9396 kJ/g molar heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | 87.5 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 52.8 kJ/mol | specific heat of vaporization | 0.567 kJ/g | molar heat of combustion | 3394 kJ/mol | specific heat of combustion | 36.44 kJ/g | molar heat of fusion | 10.54 kJ/mol | specific heat of fusion | 0.11318 kJ/g | critical temperature | 699 K | critical pressure | 5.31 MPa | (at STP)](../image_source/80437e0e8b9df47c56e358d29e630b49.png)
specific heat capacity c_p | gas | 1.159 J/(g K) | liquid | 2.061 J/(g K) molar heat capacity c_p | gas | 107.9 J/(mol K) | liquid | 191.9 J/(mol K) specific heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | 0.9396 kJ/g molar heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | 87.5 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 52.8 kJ/mol | specific heat of vaporization | 0.567 kJ/g | molar heat of combustion | 3394 kJ/mol | specific heat of combustion | 36.44 kJ/g | molar heat of fusion | 10.54 kJ/mol | specific heat of fusion | 0.11318 kJ/g | critical temperature | 699 K | critical pressure | 5.31 MPa | (at STP)
Chemical identifiers
![CAS number | 62-53-3 Beilstein number | 605631 PubChem CID number | 6115 SMILES identifier | C1=CC=C(C=C1)N InChI identifier | InChI=1/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H, 7H2 EU number | 200-539-3 RTECS number | BW6650000 NSC number | 7910](../image_source/117f24b0e08359da31504a3a63104ccf.png)
CAS number | 62-53-3 Beilstein number | 605631 PubChem CID number | 6115 SMILES identifier | C1=CC=C(C=C1)N InChI identifier | InChI=1/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H, 7H2 EU number | 200-539-3 RTECS number | BW6650000 NSC number | 7910
NFPA label
![NFPA label](../image_source/29f335e959f844829f373d235f3a122f.png)
NFPA label
![NFPA health rating | 3 NFPA fire rating | 2 NFPA reactivity rating | 0](../image_source/754458364d502d87185111f11a94cf8c.png)
NFPA health rating | 3 NFPA fire rating | 2 NFPA reactivity rating | 0
Safety properties
![flash point | 76 °C autoignition point | 540 °C lower explosive limit | 1.2% (concentration in air) upper explosive limit | 11% (concentration in air)](../image_source/57ec294260638af3036be14d28830f86.png)
flash point | 76 °C autoignition point | 540 °C lower explosive limit | 1.2% (concentration in air) upper explosive limit | 11% (concentration in air)
![DOT hazard class | 6.1 DOT numbers | 1547](../image_source/60c7f2cddf2aa676523159348e71665e.png)
DOT hazard class | 6.1 DOT numbers | 1547
Toxicity properties
![threshold limit value | 2 ppmv](../image_source/f7f300ec1555ce46673e131bc184d385.png)
threshold limit value | 2 ppmv
![RTECS classes | tumorigen | mutagen | reproductive effector | human data | primary irritant](../image_source/92532aa0d46180fdbdcd1ba5efd64e98.png)
RTECS classes | tumorigen | mutagen | reproductive effector | human data | primary irritant