mass fractions of potassium stannate

potassium stannate | elemental composition

Find the elemental composition for potassium stannate in terms of the atom and mass percents: atom percent = N_i/N_atoms × 100% mass percent = (N_im_i)/m × 100% Plan: • Write the chemical formula and gather atomic masses from the periodic table. • Determine values for N_i, m_i, N_atoms and m using these items. • Finally, compute the percents and check the results. Write the chemical formula: K_2O_3Sn Use the chemical formula to count the number of atoms, N_i, for each element and find the total number of atoms, N_atoms, per molecule: | number of atoms K (potassium) | 2 O (oxygen) | 3 Sn (tin) | 1 N_atoms = 2 + 3 + 1 = 6 Divide each N_i by N_atoms to calculate atom fractions. Then use the property that atom fractions must sum to one to check the work: | number of atoms | atom fraction K (potassium) | 2 | 2/6 O (oxygen) | 3 | 3/6 Sn (tin) | 1 | 1/6 Check: 2/6 + 3/6 + 1/6 = 1 Compute atom percents using the atom fractions: | number of atoms | atom percent K (potassium) | 2 | 2/6 × 100% = 33.3% O (oxygen) | 3 | 3/6 × 100% = 50.0% Sn (tin) | 1 | 1/6 × 100% = 16.7% Look up the atomic mass, m_i, in unified atomic mass units, u, for each element in the periodic table: | number of atoms | atom percent | atomic mass/u K (potassium) | 2 | 33.3% | 39.0983 O (oxygen) | 3 | 50.0% | 15.999 Sn (tin) | 1 | 16.7% | 118.710 Multiply N_i by m_i to compute the mass for each element. Then sum those values to compute the molecular mass, m: | number of atoms | atom percent | atomic mass/u | mass/u K (potassium) | 2 | 33.3% | 39.0983 | 2 × 39.0983 = 78.1966 O (oxygen) | 3 | 50.0% | 15.999 | 3 × 15.999 = 47.997 Sn (tin) | 1 | 16.7% | 118.710 | 1 × 118.710 = 118.710 m = 78.1966 u + 47.997 u + 118.710 u = 244.9036 u Divide the mass for each element by m to calculate mass fractions. Then use the property that mass fractions must sum to one to check the work: | number of atoms | atom percent | mass fraction K (potassium) | 2 | 33.3% | 78.1966/244.9036 O (oxygen) | 3 | 50.0% | 47.997/244.9036 Sn (tin) | 1 | 16.7% | 118.710/244.9036 Check: 78.1966/244.9036 + 47.997/244.9036 + 118.710/244.9036 = 1 Compute mass percents using the mass fractions: Answer: | | | number of atoms | atom percent | mass percent K (potassium) | 2 | 33.3% | 78.1966/244.9036 × 100% = 31.93% O (oxygen) | 3 | 50.0% | 47.997/244.9036 × 100% = 19.60% Sn (tin) | 1 | 16.7% | 118.710/244.9036 × 100% = 48.47%

Mass fraction pie chart