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Cl2 + CH3Cl = HCl + CH2Cl2

Input interpretation

Cl_2 chlorine + CH_3Cl methyl chloride ⟶ HCl hydrogen chloride + CH_2Cl_2 methylene chloride
Cl_2 chlorine + CH_3Cl methyl chloride ⟶ HCl hydrogen chloride + CH_2Cl_2 methylene chloride

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Cl_2 + c_2 CH_3Cl ⟶ c_3 HCl + c_4 CH_2Cl_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, C and H: Cl: | 2 c_1 + c_2 = c_3 + 2 c_4 C: | c_2 = c_4 H: | 3 c_2 = c_3 + 2 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Cl_2 + c_2 CH_3Cl ⟶ c_3 HCl + c_4 CH_2Cl_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, C and H: Cl: | 2 c_1 + c_2 = c_3 + 2 c_4 C: | c_2 = c_4 H: | 3 c_2 = c_3 + 2 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2

Structures

+ ⟶ +
+ ⟶ +

Names

chlorine + methyl chloride ⟶ hydrogen chloride + methylene chloride
chlorine + methyl chloride ⟶ hydrogen chloride + methylene chloride

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Cl_2 | 1 | -1 CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 HCl | 1 | 1 CH_2Cl_2 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Cl_2 | 1 | -1 | ([Cl2])^(-1) CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 | ([CH3Cl])^(-1) HCl | 1 | 1 | [HCl] CH_2Cl_2 | 1 | 1 | [CH2Cl2] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Cl2])^(-1) ([CH3Cl])^(-1) [HCl] [CH2Cl2] = ([HCl] [CH2Cl2])/([Cl2] [CH3Cl])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Cl_2 | 1 | -1 CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 HCl | 1 | 1 CH_2Cl_2 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Cl_2 | 1 | -1 | ([Cl2])^(-1) CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 | ([CH3Cl])^(-1) HCl | 1 | 1 | [HCl] CH_2Cl_2 | 1 | 1 | [CH2Cl2] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Cl2])^(-1) ([CH3Cl])^(-1) [HCl] [CH2Cl2] = ([HCl] [CH2Cl2])/([Cl2] [CH3Cl])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Cl_2 | 1 | -1 CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 HCl | 1 | 1 CH_2Cl_2 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Cl_2 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3Cl])/(Δt) HCl | 1 | 1 | (Δ[HCl])/(Δt) CH_2Cl_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CH2Cl2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) = -(Δ[CH3Cl])/(Δt) = (Δ[HCl])/(Δt) = (Δ[CH2Cl2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: Cl_2 + CH_3Cl ⟶ HCl + CH_2Cl_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Cl_2 | 1 | -1 CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 HCl | 1 | 1 CH_2Cl_2 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Cl_2 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3Cl])/(Δt) HCl | 1 | 1 | (Δ[HCl])/(Δt) CH_2Cl_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CH2Cl2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) = -(Δ[CH3Cl])/(Δt) = (Δ[HCl])/(Δt) = (Δ[CH2Cl2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| chlorine | methyl chloride | hydrogen chloride | methylene chloride formula | Cl_2 | CH_3Cl | HCl | CH_2Cl_2 Hill formula | Cl_2 | CH_3Cl | ClH | CH_2Cl_2 name | chlorine | methyl chloride | hydrogen chloride | methylene chloride IUPAC name | molecular chlorine | chloromethane | hydrogen chloride | dichloromethane
| chlorine | methyl chloride | hydrogen chloride | methylene chloride formula | Cl_2 | CH_3Cl | HCl | CH_2Cl_2 Hill formula | Cl_2 | CH_3Cl | ClH | CH_2Cl_2 name | chlorine | methyl chloride | hydrogen chloride | methylene chloride IUPAC name | molecular chlorine | chloromethane | hydrogen chloride | dichloromethane

Substance properties

| chlorine | methyl chloride | hydrogen chloride | methylene chloride molar mass | 70.9 g/mol | 50.48 g/mol | 36.46 g/mol | 84.93 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | liquid (at STP) melting point | -101 °C | -97.7 °C | -114.17 °C | -97 °C boiling point | -34 °C | -24.09 °C | -85 °C | 39.9 °C density | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 0.911 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 0.00149 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 1.325 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | | miscible | surface tension | | 0.0162 N/m | | 0.02736 N/m dynamic viscosity | | 1.834×10^-4 Pa s (at 20 °C) | | 4.13×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) odor | | faint | sweet | | chloroform-like
| chlorine | methyl chloride | hydrogen chloride | methylene chloride molar mass | 70.9 g/mol | 50.48 g/mol | 36.46 g/mol | 84.93 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | liquid (at STP) melting point | -101 °C | -97.7 °C | -114.17 °C | -97 °C boiling point | -34 °C | -24.09 °C | -85 °C | 39.9 °C density | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 0.911 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 0.00149 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 1.325 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | | miscible | surface tension | | 0.0162 N/m | | 0.02736 N/m dynamic viscosity | | 1.834×10^-4 Pa s (at 20 °C) | | 4.13×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) odor | | faint | sweet | | chloroform-like

Units

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