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Al2(SO4)3 = O2 + SO2 + Al2O3

Input interpretation

Al_2(SO_4)_3 aluminum sulfate ⟶ O_2 oxygen + SO_2 sulfur dioxide + Al_2O_3 aluminum oxide
Al_2(SO_4)_3 aluminum sulfate ⟶ O_2 oxygen + SO_2 sulfur dioxide + Al_2O_3 aluminum oxide

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ O_2 + SO_2 + Al_2O_3 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ c_2 O_2 + c_3 SO_2 + c_4 Al_2O_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Al, O and S: Al: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_4 O: | 12 c_1 = 2 c_2 + 2 c_3 + 3 c_4 S: | 3 c_1 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 3/2 c_3 = 3 c_4 = 1 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 3 c_3 = 6 c_4 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: |   | 2 Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 6 SO_2 + 2 Al_2O_3
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ O_2 + SO_2 + Al_2O_3 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ c_2 O_2 + c_3 SO_2 + c_4 Al_2O_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Al, O and S: Al: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_4 O: | 12 c_1 = 2 c_2 + 2 c_3 + 3 c_4 S: | 3 c_1 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 3/2 c_3 = 3 c_4 = 1 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 3 c_3 = 6 c_4 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 6 SO_2 + 2 Al_2O_3

Structures

 ⟶ + +
⟶ + +

Names

aluminum sulfate ⟶ oxygen + sulfur dioxide + aluminum oxide
aluminum sulfate ⟶ oxygen + sulfur dioxide + aluminum oxide

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ O_2 + SO_2 + Al_2O_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 6 SO_2 + 2 Al_2O_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Al_2(SO_4)_3 | 2 | -2 O_2 | 3 | 3 SO_2 | 6 | 6 Al_2O_3 | 2 | 2 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Al_2(SO_4)_3 | 2 | -2 | ([Al2(SO4)3])^(-2) O_2 | 3 | 3 | ([O2])^3 SO_2 | 6 | 6 | ([SO2])^6 Al_2O_3 | 2 | 2 | ([Al2O3])^2 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: |   | K_c = ([Al2(SO4)3])^(-2) ([O2])^3 ([SO2])^6 ([Al2O3])^2 = (([O2])^3 ([SO2])^6 ([Al2O3])^2)/([Al2(SO4)3])^2
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ O_2 + SO_2 + Al_2O_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 6 SO_2 + 2 Al_2O_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Al_2(SO_4)_3 | 2 | -2 O_2 | 3 | 3 SO_2 | 6 | 6 Al_2O_3 | 2 | 2 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Al_2(SO_4)_3 | 2 | -2 | ([Al2(SO4)3])^(-2) O_2 | 3 | 3 | ([O2])^3 SO_2 | 6 | 6 | ([SO2])^6 Al_2O_3 | 2 | 2 | ([Al2O3])^2 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Al2(SO4)3])^(-2) ([O2])^3 ([SO2])^6 ([Al2O3])^2 = (([O2])^3 ([SO2])^6 ([Al2O3])^2)/([Al2(SO4)3])^2

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ O_2 + SO_2 + Al_2O_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 6 SO_2 + 2 Al_2O_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Al_2(SO_4)_3 | 2 | -2 O_2 | 3 | 3 SO_2 | 6 | 6 Al_2O_3 | 2 | 2 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Al_2(SO_4)_3 | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[Al2(SO4)3])/(Δt) O_2 | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) SO_2 | 6 | 6 | 1/6 (Δ[SO2])/(Δt) Al_2O_3 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[Al2O3])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: |   | rate = -1/2 (Δ[Al2(SO4)3])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) = 1/6 (Δ[SO2])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[Al2O3])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ O_2 + SO_2 + Al_2O_3 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 Al_2(SO_4)_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 6 SO_2 + 2 Al_2O_3 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Al_2(SO_4)_3 | 2 | -2 O_2 | 3 | 3 SO_2 | 6 | 6 Al_2O_3 | 2 | 2 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Al_2(SO_4)_3 | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[Al2(SO4)3])/(Δt) O_2 | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) SO_2 | 6 | 6 | 1/6 (Δ[SO2])/(Δt) Al_2O_3 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[Al2O3])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[Al2(SO4)3])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) = 1/6 (Δ[SO2])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[Al2O3])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

 | aluminum sulfate | oxygen | sulfur dioxide | aluminum oxide formula | Al_2(SO_4)_3 | O_2 | SO_2 | Al_2O_3 Hill formula | Al_2O_12S_3 | O_2 | O_2S | Al_2O_3 name | aluminum sulfate | oxygen | sulfur dioxide | aluminum oxide IUPAC name | dialuminum trisulfate | molecular oxygen | sulfur dioxide | dialuminum;oxygen(2-)
| aluminum sulfate | oxygen | sulfur dioxide | aluminum oxide formula | Al_2(SO_4)_3 | O_2 | SO_2 | Al_2O_3 Hill formula | Al_2O_12S_3 | O_2 | O_2S | Al_2O_3 name | aluminum sulfate | oxygen | sulfur dioxide | aluminum oxide IUPAC name | dialuminum trisulfate | molecular oxygen | sulfur dioxide | dialuminum;oxygen(2-)

Substance properties

 | aluminum sulfate | oxygen | sulfur dioxide | aluminum oxide molar mass | 342.1 g/mol | 31.998 g/mol | 64.06 g/mol | 101.96 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 770 °C | -218 °C | -73 °C | 2040 °C boiling point | | -183 °C | -10 °C |  density | 2.71 g/cm^3 | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 0.002619 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) |  solubility in water | soluble | | |  surface tension | | 0.01347 N/m | 0.02859 N/m |  dynamic viscosity | | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 1.282×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) |  odor | | odorless | | odorless
| aluminum sulfate | oxygen | sulfur dioxide | aluminum oxide molar mass | 342.1 g/mol | 31.998 g/mol | 64.06 g/mol | 101.96 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 770 °C | -218 °C | -73 °C | 2040 °C boiling point | | -183 °C | -10 °C | density | 2.71 g/cm^3 | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 0.002619 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | solubility in water | soluble | | | surface tension | | 0.01347 N/m | 0.02859 N/m | dynamic viscosity | | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 1.282×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | | odorless | | odorless

Units