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Ca(OH)2 + SO3 = H2O + Ca(SO4)

Input interpretation

Ca(OH)_2 calcium hydroxide + SO_3 sulfur trioxide ⟶ H_2O water + CaSO_4 calcium sulfate
Ca(OH)_2 calcium hydroxide + SO_3 sulfur trioxide ⟶ H_2O water + CaSO_4 calcium sulfate

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Ca(OH)_2 + c_2 SO_3 ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 CaSO_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Ca, H, O and S: Ca: | c_1 = c_4 H: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_3 O: | 2 c_1 + 3 c_2 = c_3 + 4 c_4 S: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 Ca(OH)_2 + c_2 SO_3 ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 CaSO_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Ca, H, O and S: Ca: | c_1 = c_4 H: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_3 O: | 2 c_1 + 3 c_2 = c_3 + 4 c_4 S: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4

Structures

+ ⟶ +
+ ⟶ +

Names

calcium hydroxide + sulfur trioxide ⟶ water + calcium sulfate
calcium hydroxide + sulfur trioxide ⟶ water + calcium sulfate

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Ca(OH)_2 | 1 | -1 SO_3 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 CaSO_4 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Ca(OH)_2 | 1 | -1 | ([Ca(OH)2])^(-1) SO_3 | 1 | -1 | ([SO3])^(-1) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] CaSO_4 | 1 | 1 | [CaSO4] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Ca(OH)2])^(-1) ([SO3])^(-1) [H2O] [CaSO4] = ([H2O] [CaSO4])/([Ca(OH)2] [SO3])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Ca(OH)_2 | 1 | -1 SO_3 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 CaSO_4 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression Ca(OH)_2 | 1 | -1 | ([Ca(OH)2])^(-1) SO_3 | 1 | -1 | ([SO3])^(-1) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] CaSO_4 | 1 | 1 | [CaSO4] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([Ca(OH)2])^(-1) ([SO3])^(-1) [H2O] [CaSO4] = ([H2O] [CaSO4])/([Ca(OH)2] [SO3])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Ca(OH)_2 | 1 | -1 SO_3 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 CaSO_4 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Ca(OH)_2 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Ca(OH)2])/(Δt) SO_3 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[SO3])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) CaSO_4 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CaSO4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[Ca(OH)2])/(Δt) = -(Δ[SO3])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = (Δ[CaSO4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: Ca(OH)_2 + SO_3 ⟶ H_2O + CaSO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i Ca(OH)_2 | 1 | -1 SO_3 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 CaSO_4 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term Ca(OH)_2 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Ca(OH)2])/(Δt) SO_3 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[SO3])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) CaSO_4 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CaSO4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[Ca(OH)2])/(Δt) = -(Δ[SO3])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = (Δ[CaSO4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| calcium hydroxide | sulfur trioxide | water | calcium sulfate formula | Ca(OH)_2 | SO_3 | H_2O | CaSO_4 Hill formula | CaH_2O_2 | O_3S | H_2O | CaO_4S name | calcium hydroxide | sulfur trioxide | water | calcium sulfate IUPAC name | calcium dihydroxide | sulfur trioxide | water | calcium sulfate
| calcium hydroxide | sulfur trioxide | water | calcium sulfate formula | Ca(OH)_2 | SO_3 | H_2O | CaSO_4 Hill formula | CaH_2O_2 | O_3S | H_2O | CaO_4S name | calcium hydroxide | sulfur trioxide | water | calcium sulfate IUPAC name | calcium dihydroxide | sulfur trioxide | water | calcium sulfate

Substance properties

| calcium hydroxide | sulfur trioxide | water | calcium sulfate molar mass | 74.092 g/mol | 80.06 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 136.13 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | melting point | 550 °C | 16.8 °C | 0 °C | boiling point | | 44.7 °C | 99.9839 °C | density | 2.24 g/cm^3 | 1.97 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | solubility in water | slightly soluble | reacts | | slightly soluble surface tension | | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | | 0.00159 Pa s (at 30 °C) | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | odorless | | odorless | odorless
| calcium hydroxide | sulfur trioxide | water | calcium sulfate molar mass | 74.092 g/mol | 80.06 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 136.13 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | melting point | 550 °C | 16.8 °C | 0 °C | boiling point | | 44.7 °C | 99.9839 °C | density | 2.24 g/cm^3 | 1.97 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | solubility in water | slightly soluble | reacts | | slightly soluble surface tension | | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | | 0.00159 Pa s (at 30 °C) | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | odorless | | odorless | odorless

Units

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