mercury vs iridium vs osmium vs rhenium vs gold

mercury (chemical element) | iridium (chemical element) | osmium (chemical element) | rhenium (chemical element) | gold (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration mercury | Hg | 80 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^10 iridium | Ir | 77 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^7 osmium | Os | 76 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^6 rhenium | Re | 75 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^5 gold | Au | 79 | [Xe]6s^14f^145d^10 | Aufbau diagram | block | group mercury | 5d 4f 6s | d | 12 iridium | 5d 4f 6s | d | 9 osmium | 5d 4f 6s | d | 8 rhenium | 5d 4f 6s | d | 7 gold | 5d 4f 6s | d | 11 | period | atomic mass | half-life mercury | 6 | 200.592 u | (stable) iridium | 6 | 192.217 u | (stable) osmium | 6 | 190.23 u | (stable) rhenium | 6 | 186.207 u | (stable) gold | 6 | 196.966569 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | liquid | solid melting point | median | 2466 °C | highest | 3186 °C (rhenium) | lowest | -38.83 °C (mercury) | distribution | boiling point | median | 4428 °C | highest | 5596 °C (rhenium) | lowest | 356.73 °C (mercury) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 26 kJ/mol | highest | 33 kJ/mol (rhenium) | lowest | 2.29 kJ/mol (mercury) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 560 kJ/mol | highest | 705 kJ/mol (rhenium) | lowest | 59.2 kJ/mol (mercury) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 131 J/(kg K) | highest | 139.5 J/(kg K) (mercury) | lowest | 129.1 J/(kg K) (gold) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 21.02 g/cm^3 | highest | 22.59 g/cm^3 (osmium) | lowest | 13.534 g/cm^3 (mercury) | distribution | liquid density | median | 18.9 g/cm^3 | highest | 20 g/cm^3 (osmium) | lowest | 13.534 g/cm^3 (mercury) | distribution | molar volume | median | 8.8586 cm^3/mol | highest | 14.821 cm^3/mol (mercury) | lowest | 8.421 cm^3/mol (osmium) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 6.8 | highest | 7 (≈ quartz) (osmium and rhenium) | lowest | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) (gold) Vickers hardness | all | 216 MPa | 1760 MPa | 2450 MPa | 4140 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 1320 MPa | 1670 MPa | 2450 MPa | 3920 MPa bulk modulus | median | 270 GPa | highest | 370 GPa (rhenium) | lowest | 25 GPa (mercury) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 194 GPa | highest | 222 GPa (osmium) | lowest | 27 GPa (gold) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 463 GPa | highest | 528 GPa (iridium) | lowest | 78 GPa (gold) Poisson ratio | all | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.3 | 0.44 ultimate tensile strength | all | 120 MPa sound speed | median | 4700 m/s | highest | 4940 m/s (osmium) | lowest | 1407 m/s (mercury) thermal expansion | median | 6.4×10^-6 K^(-1) | highest | 1.81×10^-4 K^(-1) (mercury) | lowest | 5.1×10^-6 K^(-1) (osmium) thermal conductivity | median | 88 W/(m K) | highest | 320 W/(m K) (gold) | lowest | 8.3 W/(m K) (mercury) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 8.1×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 9.6×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (mercury) | lowest | 2.2×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (gold) electrical conductivity | median | 1.2×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 4.5×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (gold) | lowest | 1×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (mercury) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 1.4×10^-5 | highest | 9.59×10^-5 (rhenium) | lowest | -3.44×10^-5 (gold) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 6×10^-10 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 4.56×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (rhenium) | lowest | -2.1×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (mercury) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 1.1×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 8.49×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (rhenium) | lowest | -4.21×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (mercury) | distribution | work function | all | 4.47 eV | 4.72 eV | 5.93 eV | (5 to 5.76) eV | (5.31 to 5.47) eV superconducting point | median | 1.2 K (kelvins) | highest | 4.154 K (kelvins) (mercury) | lowest | 0.11 K (kelvins) (iridium) | distribution |

valence | median | 6 | highest | 7 (rhenium) | lowest | 2 (mercury) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.2 | highest | 2.54 (gold) | lowest | 1.9 (rhenium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 106.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 222.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (gold) | lowest | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (mercury) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 880 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1007.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (mercury) | lowest | 760 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (rhenium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2S_(1/2) | ^4F_(9/2) | ^5D_4 | ^6S_(5/2) atomic radius | median | 135 pm | highest | 150 pm (mercury) | lowest | 130 pm (osmium) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 141 pm | highest | 151 pm (rhenium) | lowest | 132 pm (mercury) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 1×10^-7 mass% | highest | 3×10^-7 mass% (osmium) | lowest | 2×10^-8 mass% (rhenium) | distribution | solar abundance | median | 2×10^-7 mass% | highest | 2×10^-6 mass% (mercury) | lowest | 1×10^-8 mass% (rhenium) meteorite abundance | median | 2.5×10^-5 mass% | highest | 6.6×10^-5 mass% (osmium) | lowest | 4.9×10^-6 mass% (rhenium) | distribution | crust abundance | median | 2.6×10^-7 mass% | highest | 6.7×10^-6 mass% (mercury) | lowest | 4×10^-8 mass% (iridium) ocean abundance | median | 5×10^-9 mass% | highest | 5×10^-9 mass% (mercury and gold) | lowest | 1×10^-10 mass% (rhenium) universe molar abundance | median | 6×10^-10 mol% | highest | 2×10^-9 mol% (osmium) | lowest | 1×10^-10 mol% (rhenium) | distribution | solar molar abundance | median | 9.9×10^-10 mol% | highest | 1.2×10^-8 mol% (mercury) | lowest | 5×10^-11 mol% (rhenium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 2×10^-6 mol% | highest | 7×10^-6 mol% (osmium) | lowest | 5×10^-7 mol% (rhenium) | distribution | ocean molar abundance | median | 1.5×10^-10 mol% | highest | 1.6×10^-10 mol% (gold) | lowest | 3.3×10^-12 mol% (rhenium) crust molar abundance | median | 3×10^-8 mol% | highest | 7×10^-7 mol% (mercury) | lowest | 5×10^-9 mol% (iridium)