CuO + BrF3 = O2 + Br2 + CuF2

CuO cupric oxide + BrF_3 bromine trifluoride ⟶ O_2 oxygen + Br_2 bromine + CuF_2 cupric fluoride

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: CuO + BrF_3 ⟶ O_2 + Br_2 + CuF_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 CuO + c_2 BrF_3 ⟶ c_3 O_2 + c_4 Br_2 + c_5 CuF_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cu, O, Br and F: Cu: | c_1 = c_5 O: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Br: | c_2 = 2 c_4 F: | 3 c_2 = 2 c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_4 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 3/2 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 3 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 6 c_2 = 4 c_3 = 3 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 6 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 6 CuO + 4 BrF_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 2 Br_2 + 6 CuF_2

+ ⟶ + +

cupric oxide + bromine trifluoride ⟶ oxygen + bromine + cupric fluoride

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: CuO + BrF_3 ⟶ O_2 + Br_2 + CuF_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 6 CuO + 4 BrF_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 2 Br_2 + 6 CuF_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CuO | 6 | -6 BrF_3 | 4 | -4 O_2 | 3 | 3 Br_2 | 2 | 2 CuF_2 | 6 | 6 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression CuO | 6 | -6 | ([CuO])^(-6) BrF_3 | 4 | -4 | ([BrF3])^(-4) O_2 | 3 | 3 | ([O2])^3 Br_2 | 2 | 2 | ([Br2])^2 CuF_2 | 6 | 6 | ([CuF2])^6 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([CuO])^(-6) ([BrF3])^(-4) ([O2])^3 ([Br2])^2 ([CuF2])^6 = (([O2])^3 ([Br2])^2 ([CuF2])^6)/(([CuO])^6 ([BrF3])^4)

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: CuO + BrF_3 ⟶ O_2 + Br_2 + CuF_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 6 CuO + 4 BrF_3 ⟶ 3 O_2 + 2 Br_2 + 6 CuF_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CuO | 6 | -6 BrF_3 | 4 | -4 O_2 | 3 | 3 Br_2 | 2 | 2 CuF_2 | 6 | 6 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term CuO | 6 | -6 | -1/6 (Δ[CuO])/(Δt) BrF_3 | 4 | -4 | -1/4 (Δ[BrF3])/(Δt) O_2 | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) Br_2 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[Br2])/(Δt) CuF_2 | 6 | 6 | 1/6 (Δ[CuF2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/6 (Δ[CuO])/(Δt) = -1/4 (Δ[BrF3])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[Br2])/(Δt) = 1/6 (Δ[CuF2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| cupric oxide | bromine trifluoride | oxygen | bromine | cupric fluoride formula | CuO | BrF_3 | O_2 | Br_2 | CuF_2 name | cupric oxide | bromine trifluoride | oxygen | bromine | cupric fluoride IUPAC name | | | molecular oxygen | molecular bromine | difluorocopper

| cupric oxide | bromine trifluoride | oxygen | bromine | cupric fluoride molar mass | 79.545 g/mol | 136.9 g/mol | 31.998 g/mol | 159.81 g/mol | 101.54 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 1326 °C | 8.77 °C | -218 °C | -7.2 °C | 950 °C boiling point | 2000 °C | 125.8 °C | -183 °C | 58.8 °C | 950 °C density | 6.315 g/cm^3 | 2.803 g/cm^3 | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 3.119 g/cm^3 | 4.23 g/cm^3 solubility in water | insoluble | decomposes | | insoluble | surface tension | | 0.0363 N/m | 0.01347 N/m | 0.0409 N/m | dynamic viscosity | | | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 9.44×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | | | odorless | |