yttrium vs ytterbium vs neodymium

yttrium (chemical element) | ytterbium (chemical element) | neodymium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| yttrium | ytterbium | neodymium atomic symbol | Y | Yb | Nd atomic number | 39 | 70 | 60 short electronic configuration | [Kr]5s^24d^1 | [Xe]6s^24f^14 | [Xe]6s^24f^4 Aufbau diagram | 4d 5s | 4f 6s | 4f 6s block | d | f | f group | 3 | | period | 5 | 6 | 6 atomic mass | 88.90584 u | 173.045 u | 144.242 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

| yttrium | ytterbium | neodymium phase at STP | solid | solid | solid melting point | 1526 °C | 819 °C | 1021 °C boiling point | 3345 °C | 1196 °C | 3100 °C molar heat of fusion | 11.4 kJ/mol | 7.7 kJ/mol | 7.1 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 380 kJ/mol | 160 kJ/mol | 285 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 298 J/(kg K) | 154 J/(kg K) | 190 J/(kg K) Néel point | | | 19.2 K (properties at standard conditions)

| yttrium | ytterbium | neodymium density | 4.472 g/cm^3 | 6.57 g/cm^3 | 7.01 g/cm^3 liquid density | 4.24 g/cm^3 | 6.21 g/cm^3 | 6.89 g/cm^3 molar volume | 19.88 cm^3/mol | 26.34 cm^3/mol | 20.58 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | | | 1.2 (between talc and gypsum) Vickers hardness | | 206 MPa | 343 MPa Brinell hardness | 589 MPa | 343 MPa | 265 MPa bulk modulus | 41 GPa | 31 GPa | 32 GPa shear modulus | 26 GPa | 9.9 GPa | 16 GPa Young's modulus | 64 GPa | 24 GPa | 41 GPa Poisson ratio | 0.24 | 0.21 | 0.28 tensile yield strength | 67 MPa | 66 MPa | 165 MPa ultimate tensile strength | 150 MPa | 72 MPa | 170 MPa sound speed | 3300 m/s | 1590 m/s | 2330 m/s thermal expansion | 1.06×10^-5 K^(-1) | 2.63×10^-5 K^(-1) | 9.6×10^-6 K^(-1) thermal conductivity | 17 W/(m K) | 39 W/(m K) | 17 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

| yttrium | ytterbium | neodymium electrical type | conductor | conductor | conductor resistivity | 5.6×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 2.8×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 6.4×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.8×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | 3.6×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | 1.6×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic | paramagnetic | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 2.978×10^-4 | 3.88×10^-5 | 0.0033648 mass magnetic susceptibility | 6.66×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 5.9×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 4.8×10^-7 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 5.921×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 1.02×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 6.9235×10^-8 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) Néel point | | | 19.2 K (kelvins) work function | 3.1 eV (Polycrystalline) | | 3.2 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 7.496×10^14 Hz (hertz) | | 7.738×10^14 Hz (hertz) superconducting point | 1.3 K (kelvins) | | color | (silver) | (silver) | (silver)

| yttrium | ytterbium | neodymium valence | 3 | 3 | 3 electronegativity | 1.22 | | 1.14 electron affinity | 29.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 600 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 603.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 533.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 600 kJ/mol | 1180 kJ/mol | 1980 kJ/mol | 5847 kJ/mol | 7430 kJ/mol | 8970 kJ/mol | 11190 kJ/mol | 12450 kJ/mol | 14110 kJ/mol | 18400 kJ/mol | 603.4 kJ/mol | 1174.8 kJ/mol | 2417 kJ/mol | 4203 kJ/mol | 533.1 kJ/mol | 1040 kJ/mol | 2130 kJ/mol | 3900 kJ/mol

Reactivity

| yttrium | ytterbium | neodymium term symbol | ^2D_(3/2) | ^1S_0 | ^5I_4 atomic radius | 180 pm | 175 pm | 185 pm covalent radius | 190 pm | 187 pm | 201 pm (electronic ground state properties)

| yttrium | ytterbium | neodymium universe abundance | 7×10^-7 mass% | 2×10^-7 mass% | 1×10^-6 mass% solar abundance | 1×10^-6 mass% | 1×10^-7 mass% | 3×10^-7 mass% meteorite abundance | 1.9×10^-4 mass% | 1.8×10^-5 mass% | 5×10^-5 mass% crust abundance | 0.0029 mass% | 2.8×10^-4 mass% | 0.0033 mass% ocean abundance | 1.3×10^-9 mass% | 8×10^-11 mass% | 2.8×10^-10 mass% universe molar abundance | 1×10^-8 mol% | 1×10^-9 mol% | 9×10^-9 mol% solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-9 mol% | 9.9×10^-10 mol% | 2×10^-9 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 4.3×10^-5 mol% | 2×10^-6 mol% | 7×10^-6 mol% ocean molar abundance | 9×10^-11 mol% | 2.9×10^-12 mol% | 1.2×10^-11 mol% crust molar abundance | 6.7×10^-4 mol% | 3.4×10^-5 mol% | 4.8×10^-4 mol%

| yttrium | ytterbium | neodymium half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable) stable isotopes | Y-89 (100%) | Yb-174 (31.83%) | Yb-172 (21.83%) | Yb-173 (16.13%) | Yb-171 (14.28%) | Yb-176 (12.76%) | Yb-170 (3.04%) | Yb-168 (0.13%) | Nd-142 (27.2%) | Nd-146 (17.2%) | Nd-143 (12.2%) | Nd-145 (8.3%) | Nd-148 (5.7%) nuclear spin | Y-77: 5/2^+ | Y-78: 0^+ | Y-79: 5/2^+ | Y-80: 4^- | Y-81: 5/2^+ | Y-82: 1^+ | Y-83: 9/2^+ | Y-84: 1^+ | Y-85: 1/2^- | Y-86: 4^- | Y-87: 1/2^- | Y-88: 4^- | Y-89: 1/2^- | Y-90: 2^- | Y-91: 1/2^- | Y-92: 2^- | Y-93: 1/2^- | Y-94: 2^- | Y-95: 1/2^- | Y-96: 0^- | Y-97: 1/2^- | Y-98: 0^- | Y-99: 5/2^+ | Y-101: 5/2^+ | Y-103: 5/2^+ | Y-105: 5/2^+ | Y-107: 5/2^+ | Yb-148: 0^+ | Yb-150: 0^+ | Yb-151: 1/2^+ | Yb-152: 0^+ | Yb-153: 7/2^- | Yb-154: 0^+ | Yb-155: 7/2^- | Yb-156: 0^+ | Yb-157: 7/2^- | Yb-158: 0^+ | Yb-159: 5/2^- | Yb-160: 0^+ | Yb-161: 3/2^- | Yb-162: 0^+ | Yb-163: 3/2^- | Yb-164: 0^+ | Yb-165: 5/2^- | Yb-166: 0^+ | Yb-167: 5/2^- | Yb-168: 0^+ | Yb-169: 7/2^+ | Yb-170: 0^+ | Yb-171: 1/2^- | Yb-172: 0^+ | Yb-173: 5/2^- | Yb-174: 0^+ | Yb-175: 7/2^- | Yb-176: 0^+ | Yb-177: 9/2^+ | Yb-178: 0^+ | Yb-179: 1/2^- | Yb-180: 0^+ | Yb-181: 3/2^- | Nd-124: 0^+ | Nd-125: 5/2^+ | Nd-126: 0^+ | Nd-127: 5/2^+ | Nd-128: 0^+ | Nd-129: 5/2^+ | Nd-130: 0^+ | Nd-131: 5/2^+ | Nd-132: 0^+ | Nd-133: 7/2^+ | Nd-134: 0^+ | Nd-135: 9/2^- | Nd-136: 0^+ | Nd-137: 1/2^+ | Nd-138: 0^+ | Nd-139: 3/2^+ | Nd-140: 0^+ | Nd-141: 3/2^+ | Nd-142: 0^+ | Nd-143: 7/2^- | Nd-144: 0^+ | Nd-145: 7/2^- | Nd-146: 0^+ | Nd-147: 5/2^- | Nd-148: 0^+ | Nd-149: 5/2^- | Nd-150: 0^+ | Nd-151: 3/2^+ | Nd-152: 0^+ | Nd-153: 3/2^- | Nd-154: 0^+ | Nd-155: 3/2^- | Nd-156: 0^+ | Nd-157: 5/2^- | Nd-158: 0^+ | Nd-159: 7/2^+ | Nd-160: 0^+ | Nd-161: 1/2^- unstable isotopes | Y-88 (106.626 days) | Y-91 (58.51 days) | Y-87 (79.7 h) | Y-90 (64 h) | Y-86 (14.739 h) | Y-93 (10.181 h) | Y-92 (212 min) | Y-85 (160.8 min) | Y-94 (18.67 min) | Y-95 (10.3 min) | Y-83 (7.08 min) | Y-81 (70.4 s) | Y-80 (30.1 s) | Y-79 (14.8 s) | Y-82 (8.3 s) | Y-96 (5.34 s) | Y-84 (4.6 s) | Y-97 (3.75 s) | Y-99 (1.47 s) | Y-100 (735 ms) | Y-98 (548 ms) | Y-101 (450 ms) | Y-102 (300 ms) | Y-103 (230 ms) | Y-104 (180 ms) | Y-105 (60 ms) | Y-77 (57 ms) | Y-78 (50 ms) | Y-107 (30 ms) | Y-108 (20 ms) | Y-76 (200 ns) | Y-106 (150 ns) | Yb-169 (32.03 days) | Yb-175 (100.4 h) | Yb-166 (56.7 h) | Yb-177 (114.7 min) | Yb-164 (75.83 min) | Yb-178 (73 min) | Yb-162 (18.87 min) | Yb-167 (17.5 min) | Yb-163 (11.05 min) | Yb-165 (9.83 min) | Yb-179 (8 min) | Yb-160 (4.83 min) | Yb-161 (4.17 min) | Yb-180 (140 s) | Yb-159 (100 s) | Yb-158 (89.4 s) | Yb-181 (60 s) | Yb-157 (38.6 s) | Yb-156 (26.1 s) | Yb-153 (4.2 s) | Yb-152 (3.04 s) | Yb-155 (1.793 s) | Yb-151 (1.6 s) | Yb-149 (700 ms) | Yb-154 (409 ms) | Yb-148 (250 ms) | Yb-150 (200 ns) | Nd-150 (7.9×10^18 yr) | Nd-144 (2.29 quadrillion yr) | Nd-147 (10.98 days) | Nd-140 (80.8 h) | Nd-138 (5.03 h) | Nd-141 (149.3 min) | Nd-149 (103.7 min) | Nd-136 (50.67 min) | Nd-137 (38.5 min) | Nd-139 (29.67 min) | Nd-151 (12.44 min) | Nd-135 (12.4 min) | Nd-152 (11.4 min) | Nd-134 (8.5 min) | Nd-132 (93.6 s) | Nd-133 (70 s) | Nd-153 (31.6 s) | Nd-154 (25.9 s) | Nd-131 (25.4 s) | Nd-130 (21 s) | Nd-155 (8.9 s) | Nd-156 (5.49 s) | Nd-129 (4.9 s) | Nd-128 (5 s) | Nd-127 (1.8 s) | Nd-125 (600 ms) | Nd-159 (500 ms) | Nd-124 (500 ms) | Nd-160 (300 ms) | Nd-161 (200 ms) | Nd-126 (200 ns) | Nd-157 (100 ns) | Nd-158 (50 ns) neutron cross-section | 1.28 b | 35 b | 49 b neutron mass absorption | 6×10^-4 m^2/kg | 0.0076 m^2/kg | 0.011 m^2/kg