Input interpretation
nonane
Chemical names and formulas
formula | CH_3(CH_2)_7CH_3 Hill formula | C_9H_20 name | nonane alternate names | N-nonane | nonan mass fractions | C (carbon) 84.3% | H (hydrogen) 15.7%
Lewis structure
Draw the Lewis structure of nonane. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule: Count the total valence electrons of the carbon (n_C, val = 4) and hydrogen (n_H, val = 1) atoms: 9 n_C, val + 20 n_H, val = 56 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for carbon (n_C, full = 8) and hydrogen (n_H, full = 2): 9 n_C, full + 20 n_H, full = 112 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 112 - 56 = 56 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so the above diagram has all the necessary bonds. There are 28 bonds and hence 56 bonding electrons in the diagram. Lastly, fill in the remaining unbonded electrons on each atom. In total, there remain 56 - 56 = 0 electrons left to draw and the diagram is complete: Answer: | |
3D structure
3D structure
Basic properties
molar mass | 128.26 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -53 °C boiling point | 151 °C density | 0.718 g/cm^3 solubility in water | insoluble
Units
Liquid properties (at STP)
density | 0.718 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 9.306 mmHg dynamic viscosity | 6.65×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) surface tension | 0.02472 N/m refractive index | 1.405
Units
Thermodynamic properties
specific heat capacity c_p | liquid | 2.217 J/(g K) molar heat capacity c_p | liquid | 284.4 J/(mol K) specific heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | -1.779 kJ/g molar heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | -228.2 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 46.5 kJ/mol | specific heat of vaporization | 0.363 kJ/g | molar heat of combustion | 6131 kJ/mol | specific heat of combustion | 47.8 kJ/g | molar heat of fusion | 15.47 kJ/mol | specific heat of fusion | 0.1206 kJ/g | thermal conductivity | 0.1281 W/(m K) | critical temperature | 594 K | critical pressure | 2.28 MPa | (at STP)
Phase diagram
Phase diagram
Units
Chemical identifiers
CAS number | 111-84-2 Beilstein number | 1696917 PubChem CID number | 8141 PubChem SID number | 24857881 SMILES identifier | CCCCCCCCC InChI identifier | InChI=1/C9H20/c1-3-5-7-9-8-6-4-2/h3-9H2, 1-2H3 RTECS number | RA6115000 MDL number | MFCD00009574
NFPA label
NFPA label
NFPA health rating | 0 NFPA fire rating | 3 NFPA reactivity rating | 0
Safety properties
flash point | 31.11 °C autoignition point | 205 °C lower explosive limit | 0.7% (concentration in air) upper explosive limit | 5.6% (concentration in air)
DOT hazard class | 3 DOT numbers | 1920
Toxicity properties
threshold limit value | 200 ppmv
RTECS classes | drug