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NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 = H2O + NH3 + Na3PO4

Input interpretation

NaOH sodium hydroxide + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ H_2O water + NH_3 ammonia + Na_3PO_4 trisodium phosphate
NaOH sodium hydroxide + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ H_2O water + NH_3 ammonia + Na_3PO_4 trisodium phosphate

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 NaOH + c_2 (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 NH_3 + c_5 Na_3PO_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O, N and P: H: | c_1 + 12 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 3 c_4 Na: | c_1 = 3 c_5 O: | c_1 + 4 c_2 = c_3 + 4 c_5 N: | 3 c_2 = c_4 P: | c_2 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 3 c_4 = 3 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 3 NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 NH_3 + Na_3PO_4
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 NaOH + c_2 (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 NH_3 + c_5 Na_3PO_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O, N and P: H: | c_1 + 12 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 3 c_4 Na: | c_1 = 3 c_5 O: | c_1 + 4 c_2 = c_3 + 4 c_5 N: | 3 c_2 = c_4 P: | c_2 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 3 c_4 = 3 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 3 NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 NH_3 + Na_3PO_4

Structures

+ (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ + +
+ (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ + +

Names

sodium hydroxide + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ water + ammonia + trisodium phosphate
sodium hydroxide + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ water + ammonia + trisodium phosphate

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 3 NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 3 | -3 (NH4)3PO4 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 3 | 3 NH_3 | 3 | 3 Na_3PO_4 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression NaOH | 3 | -3 | ([NaOH])^(-3) (NH4)3PO4 | 1 | -1 | ([(NH4)3PO4])^(-1) H_2O | 3 | 3 | ([H2O])^3 NH_3 | 3 | 3 | ([NH3])^3 Na_3PO_4 | 1 | 1 | [Na3PO4] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([NaOH])^(-3) ([(NH4)3PO4])^(-1) ([H2O])^3 ([NH3])^3 [Na3PO4] = (([H2O])^3 ([NH3])^3 [Na3PO4])/(([NaOH])^3 [(NH4)3PO4])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 3 NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 3 | -3 (NH4)3PO4 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 3 | 3 NH_3 | 3 | 3 Na_3PO_4 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression NaOH | 3 | -3 | ([NaOH])^(-3) (NH4)3PO4 | 1 | -1 | ([(NH4)3PO4])^(-1) H_2O | 3 | 3 | ([H2O])^3 NH_3 | 3 | 3 | ([NH3])^3 Na_3PO_4 | 1 | 1 | [Na3PO4] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([NaOH])^(-3) ([(NH4)3PO4])^(-1) ([H2O])^3 ([NH3])^3 [Na3PO4] = (([H2O])^3 ([NH3])^3 [Na3PO4])/(([NaOH])^3 [(NH4)3PO4])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 3 NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 3 | -3 (NH4)3PO4 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 3 | 3 NH_3 | 3 | 3 Na_3PO_4 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term NaOH | 3 | -3 | -1/3 (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) (NH4)3PO4 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[(NH4)3PO4])/(Δt) H_2O | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NH_3 | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) Na_3PO_4 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[Na3PO4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/3 (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) = -(Δ[(NH4)3PO4])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) = (Δ[Na3PO4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ H_2O + NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 3 NaOH + (NH4)3PO4 ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 NH_3 + Na_3PO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 3 | -3 (NH4)3PO4 | 1 | -1 H_2O | 3 | 3 NH_3 | 3 | 3 Na_3PO_4 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term NaOH | 3 | -3 | -1/3 (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) (NH4)3PO4 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[(NH4)3PO4])/(Δt) H_2O | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NH_3 | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) Na_3PO_4 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[Na3PO4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/3 (Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) = -(Δ[(NH4)3PO4])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[NH3])/(Δt) = (Δ[Na3PO4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| sodium hydroxide | (NH4)3PO4 | water | ammonia | trisodium phosphate formula | NaOH | (NH4)3PO4 | H_2O | NH_3 | Na_3PO_4 Hill formula | HNaO | H12N3O4P | H_2O | H_3N | Na_3O_4P name | sodium hydroxide | | water | ammonia | trisodium phosphate
| sodium hydroxide | (NH4)3PO4 | water | ammonia | trisodium phosphate formula | NaOH | (NH4)3PO4 | H_2O | NH_3 | Na_3PO_4 Hill formula | HNaO | H12N3O4P | H_2O | H_3N | Na_3O_4P name | sodium hydroxide | | water | ammonia | trisodium phosphate

Substance properties

| sodium hydroxide | (NH4)3PO4 | water | ammonia | trisodium phosphate molar mass | 39.997 g/mol | 149.09 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 17.031 g/mol | 163.94 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | | liquid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 323 °C | | 0 °C | -77.73 °C | 75 °C boiling point | 1390 °C | | 99.9839 °C | -33.33 °C | density | 2.13 g/cm^3 | | 1 g/cm^3 | 6.96×10^-4 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 2.536 g/cm^3 solubility in water | soluble | | | | soluble surface tension | 0.07435 N/m | | 0.0728 N/m | 0.0234 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 1.009×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | | | odorless | | odorless
| sodium hydroxide | (NH4)3PO4 | water | ammonia | trisodium phosphate molar mass | 39.997 g/mol | 149.09 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 17.031 g/mol | 163.94 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | | liquid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 323 °C | | 0 °C | -77.73 °C | 75 °C boiling point | 1390 °C | | 99.9839 °C | -33.33 °C | density | 2.13 g/cm^3 | | 1 g/cm^3 | 6.96×10^-4 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 2.536 g/cm^3 solubility in water | soluble | | | | soluble surface tension | 0.07435 N/m | | 0.0728 N/m | 0.0234 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 1.009×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | | | odorless | | odorless

Units

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